In this article presents results of researches on inheritance and variability of morphological and valuable traits in cotton hybrids F1-F2 under extreme conditions, i.e. on saline soils. According to researches, studied F1 hybrids showed that traits of plant height, the number of sympodial branches and bolls on one plant were mainly characterized by incomplete dominance, complete dominance and intermediate inheritance. And in cotton hybrids F2, were compiled variational rows according to the variability of these traits and established the observation of positive transgression and distinguished most genotypes differing from the parental forms.