In the article presented by the authors, an urgent problem is the study of methods to increase soil fertility in irrigated areas of the Republic of Uzbekistan. One of the important directions for increasing crop yields and product quality of agricultural crops is to improve the water-salt balance of the soil, by deep cultivation and planning after plowing. The aim of the study was to study the effect of deep loosening of the "plow sole" of the soil, which is formed as a result of repeated plowing at the same depth, on the germination and yield of crops. Field experiments were carried out in the Syr Darya region on cotton crops using various depths of cultivation with subsequent planning and without. Field experiments showed that seed germination and cotton yield with deep cultivation (from 40 to 80 cm) with subsequent planning after plowing gave good results than the control version.