The article describes the effect of various depths on the number of microorganisms in the soil within the range of cotton. In the case of deep processing of cotton, some microorganisms in the soil, such as oligonitrofil and microclimate, have been proven in scientific researches. If oligonitrofil quantity is in the control version 4,5х106 koe/g, in the range of 30-32 cm in the range of cotton in the 5th version 9,3х106 koe /g microcircuits with the control version 7,5х103 koe /g In the 6 variants of 34-36 deep products5,2х104koe /g.