REGULATORY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN THE FIELD OF BREEDING AND SEED PRODUCTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

Fundamental science (genetics, genetic engineering, biotechnology, etc.) itself has little chance of reaching the consumer directly. Only with the help of a variety and a hybrid you can successfully enter the seed market and, accordingly, agricultural production. In developed countries, at the present stage, the variety provides up to 40-50% increase in the yield and determines the quality. Breeding successes are realized through a properly established seed production system. It should be noted that the main principles of the dynamic development of breeding and seed production are a clear legislative framework, the creation and functioning of a strict legal framework under the control of the state and professional organizations. The most important foundation for work in a market economy in our country can be: - The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan «On Breeding Achievements» (2002); - Law «On seed production» (2019); - Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, «The right to a selection achievement». With the right inclusion of internal factors in the organization of work, almost all of the above weaknesses can become the strengths of the seed production system. This includes the need for joint work of the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the «Oliy Majlis», the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan, scientists of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan and other interested institutions, employees of the State Commission for Testing and Protection of Breeding Achievements, the Agency for Intellectual Achievements of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Republican Center for Cotton Seed Production and representatives of seed-growing clusters, limited liability company, private banks, breeders and seed growers. In our opinion, the collection of premiums (royalties) should be carried out by a specially created non-profit independent organization, such as the national Union or the Association of Breeders and Seed Breeders, which will include, in addition to specialists, lawyers, patent scientists and economists, and will have an exclusive license from the patent holder to issue sublicenses to seed producers and sellers. Such a system will unite the efforts of all breeders under one licensing system. Its implementation costs will be reasonably allocated and unreasonable costs will be minimized.