PROBABILISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PROCESSES IN MODELS OF THE OPERATION OF ROW CROP CULTIVATOR AGGREGATES

The main agrotechnical requirements for cultivators working between rows are as follows: uniform of rows loosening between rows (stability of depth of loosening), complete destruction of weeds in spacings and rows, absence of damage to cultivated plants in rows and falling asleep with their soil (keeping the width of the protective zone). The highest quality of work will be if the trace of the last to the row of the working body copies the line of the row. The article presents a model for processing information when performing a cultivator technological process, presents the results of the probabilistic characteristics of the processes in the functioning models of cultivating aggregates. The experiment was conducted on a cultivator model. The model is equipped with tracering devices instead of the working bodies of the cultivator. Using the model, it is possible to imitate the technological process of intertillage “inter-row of cultivated plants” on the coordinate sheet. The movement of the model is carried out in such a way that the line drawn by the cultivator tracer (trajectory of the working body) is equidistant to the line of the row of plants. The width of the protective zone consists of two parts: the width of the root protective zone and the width of the additional protective zone. The width of the additional protective zone depends on the size of the inevitable deviation from the line of the row of plants during the movement of the working body in the spacings. The deviation from the width of the additional protective zone is equal to the deviation from the width of the permissible protective zone of the working body when the cultivator moves. Since the value of the width of the root protective zone does not change during a certain growing period. This indicates that the deviation from the width of the additional protection zone can be measured by the deviation from the width of the protective zone. The change in the additional protective zone is affected by the straightness of the rows of plants, the kinematic parameters of the cultivator, soil properties, furrow profile, tractor driver skills and much more. It is well known from probability theory that the sum of many random variables approximately obeys the law of normal distribution, even if these values are little interconnected. Thus, for acceptance or rejection of reliability, the initial hypothesis that the deviation of the additional protective zone obeys the law of normal distribution can be selected and verified by the Pearson criterion. Based on the statistics of processes when working on inter-row cultivation of row crops, it is possible to construct graphs of normalized spectral densities of the width of the protective zone and analyze the probability of damage to plants. Based on the statistical series of deviations of the width of the protective zone compiled during the study, a histogram of the distribution of deviations of the width of the protective zone and a graph of the theoretical distribution density are constructed. The permissible number of damaged plants is a prerequisite for the creation of additional protective zones. The working body of the cultivator should be located at such a distance from the plant so that the probability of approaching the value of the width of the root zone does not exceed the value of the standard deviation. For this, it is necessary that the value of the normal distribution function be equal to the standard deviation. Mechanical Engineering 277 Based on the results obtained during experiments with a cultivator model, the hypothesis is confirmed or refuted. If this is confirmed, an acceptable value for the width of the protection zone is presented. Therefore, based on these studies, it is possible to determine the width of the protective zone by inter-tilling of row crops.