The issue of economic growth is one of the main macroeconomic problems that have always interested economists. Another aspect of the problem is also manifested in the current macroeconomic situation. That is, nowadays we are talking not only about economic growth, but also about studying factors that determine its quality. However, no specific indicators have yet been found that allow it to be fully measured. In this regard, this article will try to analyze indicators of economic growth in the agricultural sector of our republic. As the main indicators that ensure quality of economic growth in agriculture, such indicators as material return, capital return and labor productivity have been chosen. As a result of the study, we found out that the return on material and capital in agriculture is declining, while the labor productivity index is increasing. In course of presentation of the materials, the definitions given to the concept of economic growth were refined, and statistical indicators that determine the quality of economic growth in agriculture were systematized. The findings obtained in the course of the study make it possible to identify the nature of economic growth and make comparisons with best practices. Specific conclusions and proposals were also made to ensure high-quality economic growth in agriculture in our country.
The issue of economic growth is one of the main macroeconomic problems that have always interested economists. Another aspect of the problem is also manifested in the current macroeconomic situation. That is, nowadays we are talking not only about economic growth, but also about studying factors that determine its quality. However, no specific indicators have yet been found that allow it to be fully measured. In this regard, this article will try to analyze indicators of economic growth in the agricultural sector of our republic. As the main indicators that ensure quality of economic growth in agriculture, such indicators as material return, capital return and labor productivity have been chosen. As a result of the study, we found out that the return on material and capital in agriculture is declining, while the labor productivity index is increasing. In course of presentation of the materials, the definitions given to the concept of economic growth were refined, and statistical indicators that determine the quality of economic growth in agriculture were systematized. The findings obtained in the course of the study make it possible to identify the nature of economic growth and make comparisons with best practices. Specific conclusions and proposals were also made to ensure high-quality economic growth in agriculture in our country.
Иқтисодий ўсиш иқтисодчиларни доимо қизиқтириб келган асосий макроиқтисодий муаммолардан биридир. Ҳозирги макроиқтисодий вазиятда муаммонинг яна бир томони намоён бўлмоқда, яъни бугунги кунда масала нафақат иқтисодий ўсиш, балки унинг сифатини белгиловчи омилларни ўрганишни ҳам тақозо қилади. Бироқ уни тўлақонли ўлчашга имкон берувчи аниқ бир кўрсаткичлар ҳали топилмаган. Шу жиҳатдан мазкур мақолада мамлакат қишлоқ хўжалиги соҳасида иқтисодий ўсиш кўрсаткичлари ўрганилган ва таҳлил қилинган, сифатли иқтисодий ўсиш йўллари тадқиқ этилган ва уни белгиловчи статистик кўрсаткичлар баҳоланган. Қишлоқ хўжалигида иқтисодий ўсиш сифатини таъминловчи асосий кўрсаткичлар сифатида материал қайтими, капитал қайтими ва меҳнат унумдорлиги каби кўрсаткичлар танлаб олинди. Ўтказилган тадқиқотлар натижасида қишлоқ хўжалигида материал ва капитал қайтими кўрсаткичлари пасайиб бораётгани, меҳнат унумдорлиги индекси ўсаётгани аниқланди. Иқтисодий ўсиш тушунчасига берилган таърифларга аниқлик киритилди, қишлоқ хўжалигида иқтисодий ўсиш сифатини белгилаб берувчи статистик кўрсаткичлар тизимлаштирилди. Тадқиқот давомида олинган натижалар иқтисодий ўсиш моҳиятини очиб бериш ва илғор тажрибалар билан қиёслаш имконини беради. Шунингдек, мамлакатимиз қишлоқ хўжалигида сифатли иқтисодий ўсишни таъминлаш бўйича аниқ хулоса ва таклифлар билдирилди.
Вопрос экономического роста является одной из основных макроэкономических проблем, всегда интересовавших экономистов. Также в текущей макроэкономической ситуации проявляется еще один аспект проблемы. То есть сегодня речь идет не только об экономическом росте, но и об изучении факторов, определяющих его качество. Однако до сих пор не найдено конкретных показателей, позволяющих его в полной мере измерить. В связи с этим в данной статье мы попытаемся изучить и проанализировать показатели экономического роста в сельском хозяйстве страны. В качестве основных показателей, обеспечивающих качество экономического роста в сельском хозяйстве, были выбраны такие показатели, как материальная отдача, капиталоотдача и производительность труда. В результате проведенного исследования мы выяснили, что показатели материальная отдача и отдача капитала в сельском хозяйстве снижаются, а индекс производительности труда увеличивается. В ходе изложения материалов были уточнены определения, данные понятию экономического роста, систематизированы статистические показатели, определяющие качество экономического роста в сельском хозяйстве. Результаты, полученные в ходе исследования, позволяют выявить характер экономического роста и провести сравнение с лучшими практиками. Также были сделаны конкретные выводы и предложения по обеспечению качественного экономического роста в сельском хозяйстве нашей страны.
| № | Author name | position | Name of organisation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abduvohidov A.A. | dotsent | Guliston Davlat Universiteti |
| 2 | Eshpolatov D.B. | tayanch doktorant | Guliston Davlat Universiteti |
| 3 | Qodirova D.O. | o‘qituvchi | Guliston Davlat Universiteti |
| № | Name of reference |
|---|---|
| 1 | Abduvakhidov A., Eshpulatov D. at. al. Qishloq xo‘jaligida iqtisodiy o‘sish sifatini aniqlash va uning ko‘rsatkichlarini tahlil qilish [Determination of the quality of economic growth in agriculture and analysis of its indicators]. Logistics and Economy, 2022, no. 3, p. 143. |
| 2 | Kuznetsova N.P. Ekonomicheskiy rost: istoriya i sovremennost’ [Economic growth: history and modernity]. St. Petersburg, September Publishing House, 2001, p. 144. |
| 3 | Tenyakov I.M. Sovremennyy ekonomicheskiy rost: istochniki, faktory, kachestvo [Modern economic growth: sources, factors, quality]. Moscow, Prospect, 2015, p. 176. |
| 4 | Sen’kov V.I., Sen’kova N.V. Kachestvo ekonomicheskogo rosta regionov: teoreticheskiye aspekty, kriterii otsenki i metodologiya analiza [The quality of regional economic growth: theoretical aspects, evaluation criteria and analysis methodology]. Regional Economics: Theory and Practice, 2010, no. 32, pp. 12–18. |
| 5 | Babaev B.D., Dubrovskiy S.P. Ekonomicheskiy rost: rasshirennaya traktovka. kachestvo ekonomicheskogo rosta [Economic growth: an extended interpretation. quality of economic growth]. Economics of Education, 2015, no. 1, pp. 33–38. |
| 6 | Bocharova M.D., Buhtijarova T.I. Ekonomicheskiy rost: problemy i puti resheniya v sisteme malogo predprinimatel’stva [Economic growth: problems and solutions in the system of small business]. Problems of socio-economic development of the new economic conditions: the view of young researchers. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference IV of the Ural Opening Day of Science and Business. Ed. E.P. Velikhov. Chelyabinsk, Entsiklopediya, 2017, pp. 109–114. |
| 7 | Pardayev M.Q., Mamasoatov T.X. Modernizatsiya, diversifikatsiya va innovatsiyalar iqtisodiy o‘sishning muhim omillari hisoblanadi [Modernization, diversification and innovation are important factors of economic growth]. Тashkent, Navruz, 2014, p. 38. |
| 8 | Ulmasov A., Vakhobov A.V. Iqtisodiy nazariya [Theory of economics]. Tashkent, Economy-Finance, 2014, p. 282. |
| 9 | Madrahimov U. Barqaror o’sish sifati va mehnat unumdorligi nisbati asoslari [Basics of sustainable growth quality and labor productivity ratio]. The main directions of further modernization and improvement of the competitiveness of the national economy. Proceedings of the VII Forum of Economists. Тashkent, IPMI, 2015, p. 94. |
| 10 | Borkhunov N.A., Sagazhdak Ye.A., Maslova V.V., Nazarenko A.V., Schastlivtseva L.V. et al. Organizacionnojekonomicheskij mehanizm obespechenija ustojchivogo jekonomicheskogo rosta v sfere agropromyshlennogo proizvodstva v Rossii [Organizational and economic mechanism for ensuring sustainable economic growth in the field of agro-industrial production in Russia]. Moscow, VNIIESh, 2006, p. 93. |
| 11 | Zavorotin E.F., Afanas’ev V.I., Gordopolova A.A., Tjurina N.S., Nesmyslenov A.P. et al. Organizatsionnoekonomicheskiy mekhanizm ustoychivogo razvitiya agropromyshlennogo kompleksa i sel’skikh territoriy v Povolzh’ye [Organizational and economic mechanism of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex and rural areas in the Volga region]. Saratov, Saratov source, 2017, p. 300. |
| 12 | Syomin A.N. Nauchnye osnovy formirovaniya ekonomicheskih mekhanizmov: formy, tipy, vidy [Scientific foundations for the formation of economic mechanisms: forms, types, looks]. Agri-food Policy of Russia, 2012, no. 5, pp. 5–12. |
| 13 | Mazloev V.Z., Ozerova M.G. Formirovaniye protsessov transformatsii ekonomicheskogo mekhanizma agrarnogo sektora [Formation of the processes of transformation of the economic mechanism of the agricultural sector]. Agricultural Economics of Russia, 2017, no. 8, pp. 15–21. |
| 14 | Chirkov E.P., Laretin N.A., Nesterenko L.N., Vaskin V.F., Kamovskiy N.P. et al. Razvitiye organizatsionnoekonomicheskogo mekhanizma v sisteme vedeniya agropromyshlennogo proizvodstva regiona [Development of an organizational and economic mechanism in the system of conducting agro-industrial production in the region]. Ed. E.P. Chirkov. Bryansk, Bryansk State Agrarian University, 2014, p. 350. |
| 15 | Altukhov A.I., Paptsov A.G., Shutkov A.A. et al. Osnovnyye napravleniya razmeshheniya i spetsializatsii sel’skogo hozyaystva Rossii [The main directions of placement and specialization of Russian agriculture]. Moscow, Sam poligrafist, 2020, p. 347. |
| 16 | Asadov H. Kachestvo ekonomicheskogo rosta [Qualities of economic growth]. Economic Review, 2020, vol. 3 (243), p. 142. |
| 17 | Akulich V.V. Ekonomicheskiy analiz material’nykh zatrat [Economic analysis of material costs]. Planning and Economic Department, 2013, no. 8, pp. 11–15. |
| 18 | SCRUS. The official site of The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Statistics. Available at: https://stat.uz/en/ (accessed 06.06.2022). |
| 19 | Gorbatkova G.A., Malashenko V.M. Otsenka predel’nykh effektov kapitalootdachi s pomoshh’yu determinirovannykh lineynykh modeley [Estimating marginal effects of capital returns using deterministic linear models]. Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice, 2012, no. 24. Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/otsenkapredelnyh-effektov-kapitalootdachi-s-pomoschyu-determinirovannyh-lineynyh-modeley/(accessed 14.07.2022). |
| 20 | Vozhkina E.A. Proizvoditel’nost’ truda v Rossii i za rubezhom: sravnitel’nyy analiz i perspektivy rosta [Labor productivity in Russia and abroad: comparative analysis and growth prospects]. EVR, 2018, vol. 4 (58). Available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/proizvoditelnost-truda-v-rossii-i-za-rubezhom-sravnitelnyyanaliz-i-perspektivy-rosta/ (accessed 14.07.2022). |
| 21 | Hajnish J., Paukke X., Nagel G.D., Hashsi D. Agrokhimikaty v okruzhayushhey srede [Agrochemicals in the environment]. Transl. from German and foreword by N.G. Rakipopa. Moscow, Kolos, 1979, p. 357. |