As per the definitions provided by theInternational Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), nociception is described as "the neural mechanisms responsible for encoding and processing harmful stimuli," while pain is characterized as "an unwanted sensory and emotional experience linked with actual tissue damage". Pain serves as a signal eliciting both reflexive and conscious responses aimed at safeguarding the body from potential harm. A wide array of stimuli, including heat, inflammation, necrosis, and muscle spasm, among others, can trigger pain sensations. Numerous chemical mediators indicative of painful conditions have been identified.Pain and inflammation can manifest in the course of various diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and polymyalgia. In the majority of cases, pain is a constant companion in diabetic nephropathy. In the United States of America (USA), over fifty million individuals face partial or complete disability due to pain, significantly impacting their quality of life. Recent research conducted by the US Center for Healthcare Statistics estimates that approximately 32.8% of people in the USA suffer from chronic pain. Various synthetic and natural agents exhibiting potent pain-relieving properties are readily accessible for managing such pain.The objective of this review is to explore different facets of pain perception, evaluate the current status of available therapies for managing various pain conditions, and discuss future directions considering the present limitations and side effects associated with clinically used medications.
As per the definitions provided by theInternational Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), nociception is described as "the neural mechanisms responsible for encoding and processing harmful stimuli," while pain is characterized as "an unwanted sensory and emotional experience linked with actual tissue damage". Pain serves as a signal eliciting both reflexive and conscious responses aimed at safeguarding the body from potential harm. A wide array of stimuli, including heat, inflammation, necrosis, and muscle spasm, among others, can trigger pain sensations. Numerous chemical mediators indicative of painful conditions have been identified.Pain and inflammation can manifest in the course of various diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and polymyalgia. In the majority of cases, pain is a constant companion in diabetic nephropathy. In the United States of America (USA), over fifty million individuals face partial or complete disability due to pain, significantly impacting their quality of life. Recent research conducted by the US Center for Healthcare Statistics estimates that approximately 32.8% of people in the USA suffer from chronic pain. Various synthetic and natural agents exhibiting potent pain-relieving properties are readily accessible for managing such pain.The objective of this review is to explore different facets of pain perception, evaluate the current status of available therapies for managing various pain conditions, and discuss future directions considering the present limitations and side effects associated with clinically used medications.
| № | Author name | position | Name of organisation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nurulloyev J.S. | Assistant teacher | Alfraganus university |
| 2 | Mirzayeva A.K. | Assistant teacher | Alfraganus university |
| 3 | Nishanbayeva F.M. | Assistant teacher | Alfraganus university |
| № | Name of reference |
|---|---|
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