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Urolithiasis, the formation of stones in the urinary tract, is increasingly affecting children, with rising cases even in newborns. It commonly affects boys aged 3 to 12, with stones often found in the kidneys and ureters. This multifactorial disease results from metabolic imbalances, environmental factors, infections, and disrupted urinary outflow. Metabolic disorders like hyperuricemia, hyperoxaluria, and hypercalciuria are major contributors, along with external factorssuch as poor nutrition, vitamin deficiencies, and climate influences. The condition often presents with pain, dysuria, hematuria, and fever. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation, ultrasound, and advanced imaging like CT scans, with magnetic resonance urography emerging as a non-invasive alternative. Treatment includes dietary adjustments, hydration, medication, and modern minimally invasive procedures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Surgical interventions are reserved for severe cases or when other methods fail. Despite technological advances, recurrence rates remain significant due to unresolved underlying causes. Comprehensive care emphasizes preventive strategies, including tailored metabolic therapies and long-term follow-up. Future research is essential to enhance early diagnosis, understand stone formation mechanisms, and improve outcomes for pediatric patients

  • Ўқишлар сони 16
  • Нашр санаси 01-02-2025
  • Мақола тилиIngliz
  • Саҳифалар сони121-128
English

Urolithiasis, the formation of stones in the urinary tract, is increasingly affecting children, with rising cases even in newborns. It commonly affects boys aged 3 to 12, with stones often found in the kidneys and ureters. This multifactorial disease results from metabolic imbalances, environmental factors, infections, and disrupted urinary outflow. Metabolic disorders like hyperuricemia, hyperoxaluria, and hypercalciuria are major contributors, along with external factorssuch as poor nutrition, vitamin deficiencies, and climate influences. The condition often presents with pain, dysuria, hematuria, and fever. Diagnosis relies on clinical evaluation, ultrasound, and advanced imaging like CT scans, with magnetic resonance urography emerging as a non-invasive alternative. Treatment includes dietary adjustments, hydration, medication, and modern minimally invasive procedures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Surgical interventions are reserved for severe cases or when other methods fail. Despite technological advances, recurrence rates remain significant due to unresolved underlying causes. Comprehensive care emphasizes preventive strategies, including tailored metabolic therapies and long-term follow-up. Future research is essential to enhance early diagnosis, understand stone formation mechanisms, and improve outcomes for pediatric patients

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