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[98% NaClO3 ∙ CO(NH2)2 + 2% H3PO4· CO(NH2)2] - [25% NH3 + 75% H2O] - H2O СИСТЕМАДА КОМПОНЕНТЛАРНИНГ ПОЛИТЕРМИК ЭРУВЧАНЛИГИ

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MAQOLA ANNOTATSIYASI

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Background. Chemical regulation of plant growth and development can be carried out not only in the early stages of ontogeny, but also during the main periods of crop formation. The harvest of some crops does not have time to ripen before the onset of autumn unfavorable weather, which leads to a reduction in its quantity and a decrease in the quality of the crop. To accelerate the maturation in the pre-harvest period, agrochemical preparations are used: defoliants and desiccants. Defoliation is the artificial pre-harvest removal of plant leaves. After its carrying out by chemical substances - defoliants, nutrients are mixed from vegetative organs into generative ones - fruits and seeds. Purpose. For the physico-chemical substantiation of the process of obtaining such effective drugs, we were interested in studying the mutual influence of the components in the system [98% NaClO3 ∙ CO(NH2)2 + 2% H3PO4· CO(NH2)2] - [25% NH3 + 75% H2O] - H2O. Methodology. The determination of the chlorate ion was carried out by volume permanganatometric, sodium - method using flame photometric methods. Measurement of the viscosity of the solutions was carried out using a HPLC viscometer, the pH of the solutions was determined at pH meter FE 20 METTLER TOLEDO. Originality. Polythermal and "composition-properties" of the diagram are created on the basis of the study of solubility in a system involving water, sodium monocarbamidochlorate, carbamide phosphate and ammonia water. Findings. Based on polyterm binary systems and internal sections, a polythermic diagram of the system solubility was constructed [98% NaClO3 ∙ CO(NH2)2 + 2% H3PO4· CO(NH2)2] - [25% NH3 + 75% H2O] - H2O in the temperature range from -32.6 to 50.0°C. The polythermic solubility diagram demarcates the crystallization fields of ice, carbamide, sodium monocarbamidochlorate and ammonium phosphate. Keywords: solubility, system, diagram, concentration, defoliants, "composition-properties", crystallization temperatures, viscosity, density and pH of the medium. Highlights: - on the system, the crystallization fields of the components are delineated; - optimal technological parameters for obtaining a liquid defoliant were established.

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