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ENHANCING SOLAR DESALINATION EFFICIENCY THROUGH CAPILLARY-STRUCTURED POROUS MEDIA: a THREE-DIMENSIONAL COUPLED NUMERICAL ANALYSIS and EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION

Field of Science:Engineering (miscellaneous)
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This study presents a comprehensive three-dimensional coupled numerical model for a solar-driven desalination device incorporating a capillary-structured porous membrane (CPM). The governing equations-encompassing conjugate heat transfer, capillary-driven mass transport, Darcy-Brinkman momentum, and interfacial evaporation via the Hertz-Knudsen formulation-are solved simultaneously using an adaptive finite-volume method (FVM) on a mesh of 6.4 × 106 control volumes, achieving a second-order L² error of 0.28%. Parametric optimisation over porosity (φ = 0.20-0.90) and capillary diameter (d=10-200 μm) identifies the global optimum at φ=0.65 and d=35 μm, yielding a peak thermal efficiency of η=83.7 ± 2.2% and a daily freshwater productivity of 14.8 ± 0.8 kg/m2d under 1000 W/m2 irradiance a 97.9% improvement over conventional flat-plate absorbers. A solar desalination system based on a capillary-structured porous membrane (CPM) was investigated using a three-dimensional mathematical model based on the Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer framework. Heat transfer, mass transport, and capillary-driven momentum equations were solved in a fully coupled manner. The adaptive finite volume method (FVM) was implemented with second-order accuracy on a computational mesh consisting of 6.4×106 control volumes. Parametric optimization was performed over a porosity range of φ=0.20-0.90 and capillary diameter range of d=10-200μm. The model results were validated against laboratory experiments. Evaporation kinetics were described using the Hertz–Knudsen equation, while salt transport was modeled using a reactive advection–diffusion equation. At the optimal configuration of φ=0.65 and d=35μm, the thermal efficiency reached η=83.7±2.2%, while the daily

AUTHORS

Science ID: MXR-0426-0217

Science ID: MQD-0626-0103

Tags

# method# solar# efficiency# concentration# desalination# capillary-structured# porous# membrane# finite-volume# thermal# capillary# pumping# polarization# hertz-knudsen# evaporation

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