The Role of Revelation and Reason in Determining Human Interests

This article provides a scholarly analysis of the concept of “intellect” (‘aql’) in the Holy Qur’an, its usage in verbal forms, and its role in human cognition. It highlights, based on Qur’anic verses and exegetical interpretations, that intellect serves as a fundamental means guiding human beings toward reflection, moral reasoning, the acquisition of wisdom, and the understanding of truth. Furthermore, the study examines the role of intellect in ethical decision-making and its interrelation with sensory perception and divine revelation within the framework of Islamic philosophy. Relying on the views of scholars such as Izz al-Din ibn Abd al-Salam, al-Ghazali, and al-Shatibi, the article explores the balance between intellect and revelation as well as the significance of the concept of maslaha (public interest). In conclusion, it is emphasized that intellect and revelation do not contradict each other; rather, they function as a harmonious system guiding human beings toward the right path.