THE ROLE OF CHITOSAN IN INCREASING THE MECHANICAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF PAPER

Egamberdiev Elmurod Abduqodirovich; Ungarov  Jaloliddin  Faxriddin ugli; Akmalova  Guzal  Yusupovna; Khaydullaev  Khurshid  Khamidulla ugli; Iskandarova  Munavvar   Umar kizi; Ergashev   Yorqinjon

doi:https://doi.org/10.59048/2181-1180.1688

Chitosan is also widely used in the paper industry to improve paper production and
paper properties. Indeed, the molecular structure of chitosan is similar to cellulose, which contributes
to the formation of a strong compound. Due to the presence of chitin (-NHCOCH3) functional groups
in chitosan (-NH2), these groups are insoluble in water, but soluble in a solution of chitosan acid with
deacetylation levels above 60%. On the contrary, chitin does not dissolve. Chitin and chitosan are
insoluble in alkaline and organic solutions under normal conditions. In general, a high percentage of
the amine (NH2) in chitosan determines deacetylation levels (DD). DD is an important parameter
affecting solubility, chemical activity and biodegradability. Chitosan has antibacterial, antiviral and
antitoxic activity. Its properties are explained by the fact that the substance contains many cations.
This allows it to “bind” with negatively charged structures on the surface of bacteria. As a result, the
cell's metabolism with the environment is disrupted, and this leads to its death. Nowadays, chitosan
is widely used not only to improve the physical and mechanical properties of paper, but also to
produce paper with antibacterial properties.

Name of journalTechnical science and innovation
Number of edition2025 №1 сон
View count 19

Web Address

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.59048/2181-1180.1688

Date of creation in the UzSCI system 16-05-2025

Read count 19

Date of publication 07-05-2025

Main LanguageIngliz

Pages30-35

Tags

cellulose

chitosan

chitin

mechanical properties

hydrogen bonding

Paper for office printing

antibacterial coating

antibacterial paper

English

Chitosan is also widely used in the paper industry to improve paper production and
paper properties. Indeed, the molecular structure of chitosan is similar to cellulose, which contributes
to the formation of a strong compound. Due to the presence of chitin (-NHCOCH3) functional groups
in chitosan (-NH2), these groups are insoluble in water, but soluble in a solution of chitosan acid with
deacetylation levels above 60%. On the contrary, chitin does not dissolve. Chitin and chitosan are
insoluble in alkaline and organic solutions under normal conditions. In general, a high percentage of
the amine (NH2) in chitosan determines deacetylation levels (DD). DD is an important parameter
affecting solubility, chemical activity and biodegradability. Chitosan has antibacterial, antiviral and
antitoxic activity. Its properties are explained by the fact that the substance contains many cations.
This allows it to “bind” with negatively charged structures on the surface of bacteria. As a result, the
cell's metabolism with the environment is disrupted, and this leads to its death. Nowadays, chitosan
is widely used not only to improve the physical and mechanical properties of paper, but also to
produce paper with antibacterial properties.

Tags

cellulose

chitosan

chitin

mechanical properties

hydrogen bonding

Paper for office printing

antibacterial coating

antibacterial paper

№ Author name position Name of organisation

1 Egamberdiev E.A. DSc, Professor Tashkent State Technical University

2 Ungarov J.F. ugli – Basic Doctoral, Xaydullayev96@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9704-789X; Ungarov Jaloliddin Faxriddin ugli – Bachelar Students Tashkent State Technical University

3 Akmalova .Y. Associate Professor Tashkent State Technical University

4 Khaydullaev .K. Basic Doctoral Tashkent State Technical University

5 Iskandarova M.U. Basic Doctoral Tashkent State Technical University

6 Ergashev Y.. PhD Tashkent State Technical University

№ Name of reference

1 1. Bratskaya, S., Schwarz, S., and Chervonetsky, D. (2004). “Comparative study of humiv acids flocculation with chitosan hydrochloride and chitosan glutamate” Water Res. 38(12), pp.2955-2961.

2 2. Divakaran, R. and Pillai, V.N.S. (2002). “Flocculation of river silt using chitosan” // Water Res. 36(9), pp.2414-2418.

3 3. Fernandez, M., and Fox, P.F. (1997). “Fractionation of cheese nitrogen using chitosan” // Food Chem. 58(4), pp.319-322

4 4. Nicu, R., Bobu, E., and Desbrieres, J. (2011). “Chitosan as cationic polyelectrolyte in wet-end papermaking system”. Cell.Chem. Technol. 45(1-2), pp.105-111

5 5. Zemmuori, H., Kadouche, S., Lounici, H., Hadioui, M., and Mameri, N. (2011). “Use of chitosan in coagulation flocculation of raw water of Keddara and Beni Amrane dams”. Water Sci. Technol.: Water Supply 11(2), pp.202-210

6 6. E. Egamberdiyev, Y Ergashev, G Akmalova. Effects and Analysis of Chytazone in the Process of Processing Paper from Natural polymers // E3S Web of Conferences 477, 00053, 2024.

7 7. Y Ergashev, S Aliyev, D Mirkhodjaeva, O Muratkulov. Application of waste in the composition of materials based on mineral fibers // SCHOLAR. 2023, 1 (21), pp.47-53.

8 8. E. Egamberdiev, Kh Khaydullaev, S Abdurazakova, Q Khoshimov, O Muratkulov, Kh Tilovov, B Rakhimjonov, M Alieva. Composite papers based on natural polymers // E3S Web of Conferences 497, 03031, 2024.

9 9. D.Q. Shomurodov, UH Аlamov, NY Giyosova, SA Аbdurazakova, EA Egamberdiev, Karimov N Sh. Obtaining cellulose from the stem of the miscanthus plant

10 and its analysis // Journal of healthcare and life-science research. 2024, 3 (6), pp.249-251. 10. E. Egamberdiev, Kh. Khaydullaev, D Shomurodov, A Atakhodjaev, Sh Mengliev, N Igamkulova, M Mukhamedjanov, S Turabdjanov. Application of waste paper in composite materials based on mineral fibers // E3S Web of Conferences 497, 02026, 2024.

11 11. Alamov Umid, and fox. Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) vent. cellulose extraction from the bast plant and its properties // Universum: технические науки. 2024, 5 (8 (125)), pp.49-53. 12. E.Egamberdiev, D Mirzaeva, Y Ergashev, O Muratkulov. Composite receipt and application of areas of application // SCHOLAR. 2023, 1 (21), pp.69-75.

12 12. E.Egamberdiev, D Mirzaeva, Y Ergashev, O Muratkulov. Composite receipt and application of areas of application // SCHOLAR. 2023, 1 (21), pp.69-75. 13. E.A. Egamberdiev, YT Ergashev, Kh Kh Khaydullaev, GY Akmalova, GR Rakhmonberdiev. The effect of chitosan on the surface properties of cellulosebased paper obtained from the stem of flaxseed // Technical science and innovation 2022 (1), pp.27-33.

13 14. S.A. Abdurazakova, SI Ungarova, DQ Shomurodov, EA Egamberdiev. The use of starch to obtain a biodegradable film // SCHOLAR. 2023, 1 (31), pp.58-63. 15. E.A. Egamberdiev, and Fox. Studying the effect of low and medium molecular weight chitosan on paper quality // Scientific bulletin of Namangan state university, 90. 2022. 16. E.A. Egamberdiev, YoT Ergashev, GR Rahmonberdiev. Study of the effect of chitosan on the mechanical properties of paper // Composite materials, 79. 2021.

Waiting

№	Author name	position	Name of organisation
1	Egamberdiev E.A.	DSc, Professor	Tashkent State Technical University
2	Ungarov J.F.	ugli – Basic Doctoral, Xaydullayev96@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9704-789X; Ungarov Jaloliddin Faxriddin ugli – Bachelar Students	Tashkent State Technical University
3	Akmalova .Y.	Associate Professor	Tashkent State Technical University
4	Khaydullaev .K.	Basic Doctoral	Tashkent State Technical University
5	Iskandarova M.U.	Basic Doctoral	Tashkent State Technical University
6	Ergashev Y..	PhD	Tashkent State Technical University

№	Name of reference
1	1. Bratskaya, S., Schwarz, S., and Chervonetsky, D. (2004). “Comparative study of humiv acids flocculation with chitosan hydrochloride and chitosan glutamate” Water Res. 38(12), pp.2955-2961.
2	2. Divakaran, R. and Pillai, V.N.S. (2002). “Flocculation of river silt using chitosan” // Water Res. 36(9), pp.2414-2418.
3	3. Fernandez, M., and Fox, P.F. (1997). “Fractionation of cheese nitrogen using chitosan” // Food Chem. 58(4), pp.319-322
4	4. Nicu, R., Bobu, E., and Desbrieres, J. (2011). “Chitosan as cationic polyelectrolyte in wet-end papermaking system”. Cell.Chem. Technol. 45(1-2), pp.105-111
5	5. Zemmuori, H., Kadouche, S., Lounici, H., Hadioui, M., and Mameri, N. (2011). “Use of chitosan in coagulation flocculation of raw water of Keddara and Beni Amrane dams”. Water Sci. Technol.: Water Supply 11(2), pp.202-210
6	6. E. Egamberdiyev, Y Ergashev, G Akmalova. Effects and Analysis of Chytazone in the Process of Processing Paper from Natural polymers // E3S Web of Conferences 477, 00053, 2024.
7	7. Y Ergashev, S Aliyev, D Mirkhodjaeva, O Muratkulov. Application of waste in the composition of materials based on mineral fibers // SCHOLAR. 2023, 1 (21), pp.47-53.
8	8. E. Egamberdiev, Kh Khaydullaev, S Abdurazakova, Q Khoshimov, O Muratkulov, Kh Tilovov, B Rakhimjonov, M Alieva. Composite papers based on natural polymers // E3S Web of Conferences 497, 03031, 2024.
9	9. D.Q. Shomurodov, UH Аlamov, NY Giyosova, SA Аbdurazakova, EA Egamberdiev, Karimov N Sh. Obtaining cellulose from the stem of the miscanthus plant
10	and its analysis // Journal of healthcare and life-science research. 2024, 3 (6), pp.249-251. 10. E. Egamberdiev, Kh. Khaydullaev, D Shomurodov, A Atakhodjaev, Sh Mengliev, N Igamkulova, M Mukhamedjanov, S Turabdjanov. Application of waste paper in composite materials based on mineral fibers // E3S Web of Conferences 497, 02026, 2024.
11	11. Alamov Umid, and fox. Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) vent. cellulose extraction from the bast plant and its properties // Universum: технические науки. 2024, 5 (8 (125)), pp.49-53. 12. E.Egamberdiev, D Mirzaeva, Y Ergashev, O Muratkulov. Composite receipt and application of areas of application // SCHOLAR. 2023, 1 (21), pp.69-75.
12	12. E.Egamberdiev, D Mirzaeva, Y Ergashev, O Muratkulov. Composite receipt and application of areas of application // SCHOLAR. 2023, 1 (21), pp.69-75. 13. E.A. Egamberdiev, YT Ergashev, Kh Kh Khaydullaev, GY Akmalova, GR Rakhmonberdiev. The effect of chitosan on the surface properties of cellulosebased paper obtained from the stem of flaxseed // Technical science and innovation 2022 (1), pp.27-33.
13	14. S.A. Abdurazakova, SI Ungarova, DQ Shomurodov, EA Egamberdiev. The use of starch to obtain a biodegradable film // SCHOLAR. 2023, 1 (31), pp.58-63. 15. E.A. Egamberdiev, and Fox. Studying the effect of low and medium molecular weight chitosan on paper quality // Scientific bulletin of Namangan state university, 90. 2022. 16. E.A. Egamberdiev, YoT Ergashev, GR Rahmonberdiev. Study of the effect of chitosan on the mechanical properties of paper // Composite materials, 79. 2021.