PECULIARITIES OF SWELLING EOCENE CLAYS AS THE STRUCTURE BASE

The article discusses the swelling Eocene clays, which are unstable foundations of structures, which change their deformation and strength properties when the humidity changes. The study of the Eocene clays was carried out using traditional engineering and geological research methods. As you know, the pressure and moisture content of swelling are a significant problem for construction. And according to the regularities associated between the indicators, with a high degree of probability, it is possible to predict the deformation and strength properties of clays. The problem of non-uniformity of swelling deformations and the additional, unaccounted for loads on structures caused by them are highlighted. In the theoretical description of the processes of volumetric deformation and filtration of clay soils under various external influences and the development of methods for their calculation and forecasting, the authors used methods of mathematical analysis, mechanics of a deformable solid, theories of plasticity and creep, and the theory of probability. When analyzing the processing of materials of swelling Eocene clays, use some of the regularities of swelling processes known in wide practice. Note that the swelling pressure and swelling moisture are multifunctional characteristics and cannot be determined unambiguously. For clarity, we present graphical illustrations of the ambiguity of the main characteristics and some regularities of swelling on the example of the Eocene swelling clays of Northern Tamdytau, for these clays the swelling pressure has a value of P_sw = 0.10 ... 0.25 MPa with the average initial moisture content of the tested samples W_0 = 0.10, varying from 0.07 to 0.15, and the value of free swelling varies in a wide range from 0.04 to 0.43. the beginning of construction, but also for the period after the completion of construction, for the period of operation, taking into account the forecast of stabilization of their values.