63

Qishloq xo‘jaligida fitopatogen zamburug‘larning keng tarqalishi global oziq-ovqat xavfsizligi va iqtisodiyoti
uchun jiddiy xatar tug‘dirmoqda. Ushbu muammoning kengligini hisobga olib, an’anaviy sintetik fungitsidlarga ekologik toza
muqobil yechimlar izlash dolzarb vazifa bo‘lib qolmoqda. Mazkur maqolada mikrosuvo‘tlarning fitopatogen zamburug‘larga
qarshi biologik nazorat agenti sifatidagi ahamiyati, ularning ta’sir mexanizmlari, shuningdek, bu sohadagi tadqiqotlarning
yutuq va kamchiliklari tahlil qilingan. Maqola mikrosuvo‘tlar tomonidan ishlab chiqariladigan biologik faol moddalar (lipidlar,
polisaxaridlar va fenolli birikmalar)ning zamburug‘lar o‘sishini ingibitsiya qilishdagi rolini ko‘rsatib beradi. Shu
bilan birga, ushbu texnologiyaning amaliy qo‘llanilishidagi qiyinchiliklar, jumladan, mahsulotning barqarorligi va iqtisodiy
samaradorligi kabi masalalar muhokama qilingan. Maqola xulosasida mikrosuvo‘tlarga asoslangan biopreparatlarning
kelajakdagi salohiyati baholanib, bu boradagi tadqiqotlar uchun istiqbolli yo‘nalishlar taklif etilgan.

  • Internet ҳавола
  • DOI10.63241/2025ms293akhv
  • UzSCI тизимида яратилган сана 08-11-2025
  • Ўқишлар сони 63
  • Нашр санаси 15-10-2025
  • Мақола тилиO'zbek
  • Саҳифалар сони273-276
Ўзбек

Qishloq xo‘jaligida fitopatogen zamburug‘larning keng tarqalishi global oziq-ovqat xavfsizligi va iqtisodiyoti
uchun jiddiy xatar tug‘dirmoqda. Ushbu muammoning kengligini hisobga olib, an’anaviy sintetik fungitsidlarga ekologik toza
muqobil yechimlar izlash dolzarb vazifa bo‘lib qolmoqda. Mazkur maqolada mikrosuvo‘tlarning fitopatogen zamburug‘larga
qarshi biologik nazorat agenti sifatidagi ahamiyati, ularning ta’sir mexanizmlari, shuningdek, bu sohadagi tadqiqotlarning
yutuq va kamchiliklari tahlil qilingan. Maqola mikrosuvo‘tlar tomonidan ishlab chiqariladigan biologik faol moddalar (lipidlar,
polisaxaridlar va fenolli birikmalar)ning zamburug‘lar o‘sishini ingibitsiya qilishdagi rolini ko‘rsatib beradi. Shu
bilan birga, ushbu texnologiyaning amaliy qo‘llanilishidagi qiyinchiliklar, jumladan, mahsulotning barqarorligi va iqtisodiy
samaradorligi kabi masalalar muhokama qilingan. Maqola xulosasida mikrosuvo‘tlarga asoslangan biopreparatlarning
kelajakdagi salohiyati baholanib, bu boradagi tadqiqotlar uchun istiqbolli yo‘nalishlar taklif etilgan.

Русский

Широкое распространение фитопатогенных грибов в сельском хозяйстве представляет серьёзную
угрозу глобальной продовольственной безопасности и экономике. Учитывая масштабы этой проблемы, поиск
экологически безопасных альтернатив традиционным синтетическим фунгицидам остаётся актуальной задачей.
В данной статье анализируется значение микроводорослей как агентов биологической борьбы с фитопатогенными
грибами, механизмы их действия, а также достижения и недостатки исследований в этой области. В статье
показана роль биологически активных веществ (липидов, полисахаридов и фенольных соединений), продуцируемых
микроводорослями, в ингибировании роста грибов. Одновременно обсуждаются трудности практического применения
этой технологии, включая такие вопросы, как стабильность продукта и экономическая эффективность. В
заключение статьи дается оценка будущего потенциала биопрепаратов на основе микроводорослей и предлагаются
перспективные направления исследований в этой области.

English

The widespread spread of phytopathogenic fungi in agriculture poses a serious threat to global food security
and the economy. Given the magnitude of this problem, the search for environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional
synthetic fungicides remains an urgent task. This article examines the significance of microalgae as biological control agents
against phytopathogenic fungi, their mechanisms of action, and the achievements and limitations of research in this area. The
article demonstrates the role of biologically active substances (lipids, polysaccharides, and phenolic compounds) produced by
microalgae in inhibiting the growth of fungi. At the same time, the difficulties in the practical application of this technology,
including issues such as product stability and cost-effectiveness, are discussed. The article concludes by assessing the future
potential of microalgae-based biopreparations and proposing promising directions for research in this area.

№ Ҳавола номи
1 1. Abdel-Raouf, N., Al-Homaidan, A. A., & Ibraheem, I. B. M. (2012). Microalgae and their role in sustainable agriculture. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(2), 195-201. [URL: https://www.idosi.org/wjas/wjas8(2)/12.pdf]
2 2. Abedin, T., & Neves, J. M. S. (2018). Algae as a source of biopesticides: a review. Journal of Biopesticides, 11(2), 101- 112. [URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325785055]
3 3. Bar-Shimon, M., et al. (2019). Porphyridium sp. exopolysaccharide as a potential biostimulant for plants. Algal Research, 40, 101495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101495]
4 4. FAO. (2020). Biological control in crop protection. FAO Technical Paper, No. 22. [URL: https://www.fao.org/3/cb0912en/ cb0912en.pdf]
5 5. FAO. (2021). Global Action on Plant Pests and Diseases. International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) Report. [URL: https://www.fao.org/3/cb6916en/cb6916en.pdf]
6 6. Fisher, M. C., et al. (2012). Emerging fungal threats to animal, plant and human health. Nature, 484(7393), 186-194. [DOI: 10.1038/nature10947
7 7. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2017). Pest and disease management for sustainable crop production. FAO publications, Rome. [URL: https://www.fao.org/3/a-i7236e.pdf]
8 8. Fradin, E. F., & Thomma, B. P. H. J. (2006). Fusarium oxysporum as a host-specific pathogen. Molecular Plant Pathology, 7(3), 143-154. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2006.00330.x]
9 9. Gao, F., et al. (2017). Antifungal compounds from marine microalgae. Molecules, 22(12), 2115. [DOI: 10.3390/ molecules22122115]
10 10. Gerdan, A. (2014). Synthetic pesticides and their risks to human health. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 21(16), 9405-9419. [DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2978-x]
11 11. Hwang, J. S., & Kim, H. Y. (2018). Antifungal activity of phenolic compounds from microalgae against Fusarium oxysporum. Journal of Applied Phycology, 30(2), 1255-1262. [DOI: 10.1007/s10811-017-1335-5]
12 12. Jain, R., & Sarma, D. (2019). Cyanobacteria as a source of novel antifungal compounds. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 1555. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01555]
13 13. Kim, J. S., et al. (2018). Antifungal effect of Chlorella vulgaris extract on Botrytis cinerea. Journal of Applied Phycology, 30(5), 2969-2975. [DOI: 10.1007/s10811-018-1443-4]
14 14. Maadane, A., et al. (2015). Antifungal activity of the marine microalga Dunaliella salina against plant pathogens. Journal of Applied Phycology, 27(6), 2399-2405. [DOI: 10.1007/s10811-015-0553-9]
15 15. Oerke, E. C. (2006). Crop losses to diseases, weeds and insects. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 113(1), 7-16. [DOI: 10.1007/BF03356156]
16 15. Oerke, E. C. (2006). Crop losses to diseases, weeds and insects. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 113(1), 7-16. [DOI: 10.1007/BF03356156]
17 16. Pimentel, D. (2009). Pest management in agriculture and environmental quality. The American Journal of Alternative Agriculture, 1(2), 5-11. [DOI: 10.1017/S088916300000010X]
18 17. Plaza, M., & Cifuentes, A. (2014). Antifungal properties of microalgal extracts. Food Chemistry, 151, 153-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.042]
19 18. Savary, S., et al. (2019). The global burden of crop diseases. Nature Communications, 10(1), 1-13. [DOI: 10.1038/ s41467-019-09461-x]
20 19. Singh, S. P., & Daroch, M. (2012). Microalgae as a sustainable source of bio-products. Algal Research, 1(2), 110-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2012.06.002]
21 20. Williamson, B., Tudzynski, P., & van Kan, J. A. L. (2007). Botrytis cinerea: the cause of grey mould disease. Molecular Plant Pathology, 8(4), 561-576. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2007.00412.x]
Кутилмоқда