Electric vehicles (EV)s have been in existence ever since the inception of the
automobile. However, in the early race for dominance, the internal combustion engine (ICE)
quickly. Overtook the EV as the prime propulsion power system for road vehicles. Although
the electric powertrain was superior in terms of performance and energy conversion
efficiency, the restrictive factor remained the source of electrical energy. Battery powered
vehicles simply could not match the high-energy density, abundant supply and logistical
attributes of petroleum based propulsion. Even with ICE energy conversion efficiency figures
of below 20%, the energy density (Joules/kg) of petroleum far surpasses the energy density of
any known battery technology. While economically recoverable petroleum deposits continue
to diminish, the automobile population is ever increasing, causing cities to become congested
with toxic hydrocarbons by-products. As a result, the ICE is increasingly becoming a target of
environmental debates. The article analyzes difference between cells and batteries, what is
cell and battery, consisting of battery pack, working process cells and batteries, charge and
discharging processes of cells and batteries, connect cells and batteries in series and parallel,
a number of principal components cells and batteries, primary and secondary cells and
batteries.
Electric vehicles (EV)s have been in existence ever since the inception of the
automobile. However, in the early race for dominance, the internal combustion engine (ICE)
quickly. Overtook the EV as the prime propulsion power system for road vehicles. Although
the electric powertrain was superior in terms of performance and energy conversion
efficiency, the restrictive factor remained the source of electrical energy. Battery powered
vehicles simply could not match the high-energy density, abundant supply and logistical
attributes of petroleum based propulsion. Even with ICE energy conversion efficiency figures
of below 20%, the energy density (Joules/kg) of petroleum far surpasses the energy density of
any known battery technology. While economically recoverable petroleum deposits continue
to diminish, the automobile population is ever increasing, causing cities to become congested
with toxic hydrocarbons by-products. As a result, the ICE is increasingly becoming a target of
environmental debates. The article analyzes difference between cells and batteries, what is
cell and battery, consisting of battery pack, working process cells and batteries, charge and
discharging processes of cells and batteries, connect cells and batteries in series and parallel,
a number of principal components cells and batteries, primary and secondary cells and
batteries.
| № | Имя автора | Должность | Наименование организации |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Daminov O.O. | teacher | TSTU |
| 2 | Juraboev A.Z. | teacher | TSTU |
| 3 | Kersten S.. | teacher | Technische Universitat Dresden |
| № | Название ссылки |
|---|---|
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| 2 | L. Plett. Battery management systems volume i battery modeling. “Artech house”, 2015 |
| 3 | A.Z. Zhuraboyev., O.O. Daminov. Battery analysis for electric vehicles. collection of reports of the republican scientific and practical conference. “The role of intellectual youth in the development of science and technology”, 2021. 262 |
| 4 | F.Sh. Umerov., J.B. Mirzaabdullaev., A.I. Yangibaev. Mechatronic liability systems car control. International scientific and technical journal. “Innovation technical and technology”, 2021.88 |
| 5 | A. Kachhwaha., G.I. Rashed., A.R. Garg., O.P. Mahela., B. Khan., M.B. Shafik., M.G. Hussien. Design and performance analysis of hybrid battery and ultra-capacitor energy. “Storage system for electrical vehicle active power management. sustainability”, 2022 |
| 6 | G. Pistoia. “Electric and hybrid vehicles. elsevier science”, 2021 |
| 7 | F.Sh. Umerov. Peculiarities of self-diagnostics of mechatronic systems of engines and transmissions of cars. Proceedings of international scientific and technical conference on “problems and prospects of innovative technique and technology in agri-food chain. “International journal of innovations in engineering research and technology (ijiert)”, 2020. 58 |
| 8 | N.R. Yuldashova., O.O. Daminov Comparative analysis of electric vehicles with internal combustion engines a collection of reports of the Republican scientific and scientificpractical conference. “Current problems of ensuring the continuity of maintenance of modern cars in our country and their effective solutions”, 2021. 129 |
| 9 | D. Linden., T. Reddy. “Linden's handbook of batteries”, 2010 |
| 10 | R.R. Tillaxodjayev., A.Z. Juraboev. Analysis of batteries for electric vehicles and their calculations. “Technical scientific and innovation”, 2021 |
| 11 | J.R. English. “Optimization of batteries for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles”, 2013. 3 |
| 12 | M.H. Shushnar. A battery electric aircraft feasibility investigation including a battery-inwing conceptual design. “Thesis presented to the faculty of California polytechnic state university”, 2014. 25 |
| 13 | P. Asef., M. Milan., A. Lapthorn., S. Padmanaban. “Future trends and aging analysis of battery energy storage systems for electric vehicles. Sustainability”, 2021. 13 |
| 14 | Y. Zhang, S. Lyden, B.A. León de la Barra, M. E. Haque. Optimization of Tremblay's battery model parameters for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle applications. “University power engineering conference (AUPEC)”, 2017. 1 |
| 15 | M. Redelbach, E.D. Özdemir, E.F. Horst. “Optimizing battery sizes of plug-in hybrid and extended range electric vehicles for different user types”, 2014. 158 |
| 16 | V.V. Filatov., A.V. Klimov., I.V. Ukhov., A.V. Podgornyy. Simulation of the heat current limitation algorithm for the traction battery management system. “Systems of signals generating and processing in the field of on board communications, conference proceedings”, 2021 |
| 17 | G. Pistoia., B. Liaw. Behaviour of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles. “Green energy and technology. 2018 |