USE OF POWER-TO-GAS TECHNOLOGY WITH AN EXCESS OF ELECTRICITY IN THE NETWORK

Electricity-to-gas conversion is a key area of interest for decarbonizing and
increasing the flexibility of energy systems, as it can both absorb renewable electricity during
periods of excess supply and provide backup energy during periods of excess demand. By
combining the power-to-gas conversion with the natural gas network, the inherent flexibility
of the line package can be exploited and some of the power variability can be transferred to
the gas network. Also, as long as the gas injected into the gas grid is low-carbon, such as
hydrogen from renewables to gas, then the overall greenhouse gas emissions from the gas
grid can be reduced. This paper presents the first review of energy-to-gas conversion,
reviewing real projects, and system modeling studies and comparing them based on scope,
assumptions, and results. The review identified significant interest and potential for energyto-
gas conversion in conjunction with the gas grid, however there are still challenges to be
overcome to find profitable business cases and address local and system-wide technical
challenges. Although significant power-to-gas modeling has been done, more is needed to
fully understand the impact of power-to-gas conversion and gas supply to the network on the
operational behavior of the gas network, taking into account dynamic and spatial effects