LEPTIN HORMONE AND ITS FUNCTIONS AND IMPORTANCE IN THE BODY

Ergasheva  Zumrad; Nugmanov  Ozodbek; Yuldasheva  Gulnora; ABDURAXIMOV ABDUXALIM XOLIDDIN O‘G‘LI

doi:10.24411/2181-0443/2020-10076

1133

For patients struggling with obesity and weight, hormones often affect their overall health. Excess body fat can cause problems with weight and hormonal issues. Leptin is one of the hormones directly connected to body fat and obesity. This article goes on about the hormone leptin and how it plays an important role in the body.

Jurnal nomiRE-HEALTH
Nashr soni2.3-2020
Ko'rishlar soni 1133

Internet havola https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/gormon-leptin-ego-funktsii-i-znachenie-v-organizme

DOI 10.24411/2181-0443/2020-10076

UzSCI tizimida yaratilgan sana 30-01-2021

O'qishlar soni 989

Nashr sanasi 30-01-2021

Asosiy tilIngliz

Sahifalar9-18

Kalit so'z

obesity

leptin

Русский

У пациентов, страдающих ожирением и избыточным весом, гормональные изменения влияют на их общее состояние здоровья. Избыток жира в организме может привести к лишнему весу и гормональным проблемам. Лептин - это один из гормонов в организме, который напрямую связан с ожирением. В этой статье рассматриваются имеющиеся данные о гормоне лептине и о том, какую важную роль он играет в организме человека.

Kalit so'z

ожирение

лептин

English

For patients struggling with obesity and weight, hormones often affect their overall health. Excess body fat can cause problems with weight and hormonal issues. Leptin is one of the hormones directly connected to body fat and obesity. This article goes on about the hormone leptin and how it plays an important role in the body.

Kalit so'z

obesity

leptin

Ўзбек

Semizlik va ortiqcha vazndan aziyat chekadigan bemorlarda gormonal o’zgaruvchanliklar ularning umumiy sog'lig'iga ta'sir qiladi. Tanadagi ortiqcha yog' og'irlik va gormonal muammolarga olib kelishi mumkin. Leptin tanadagi yog 'va semizlik bilan bevosita bog'liq bo'lgan gormonlardan biridir. Ushbu maqolada leptin gormoni va uning organizmda qanday ahamiyat kasb etishi haqida so'z yuritilmoqda.

Kalit so'z

leptin

Semizlik

№ Muallifning F.I.Sh. Lavozimi Tashkilot nomi

1 Ergasheva Z.. . Андижанский Государственный медицинский институт

2 Nugmanov O.. . Андижанский Государственный медицинский институт

3 Yuldasheva G.. . Андижанский Государственный медицинский институт

4 ABDURAXIMOV A.X. . ASMI

№ Havola nomi

1 1. Ahima, R. S., & Flier, J. S. (2000). Leptin. Annual Review of Physiology, 62(1), 413–437. doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.62.1.413.

2 2. Schwartz M, Seeley RJ, Campfield LA, Burn P, Baskin DG. 1996. Identification of targets of leptin action in rat hypothalamus. J. Clin. Invest. 98:1101–6.

3 3. Mercer JG, Hoggard N, Williams LM, Lawrence CB, Hannah LT, et al. 1996. Localization of leptin mRNA and the long form splice variant (Ob-Rb) in mouse hypothalamus and adjacent brain regions by in situ hybridization. FEBS Lett. 387:113–16.

4 4. Elmquist JK, Bjorbaek C, Ahima RS, Flier JS. 1998b. Distributions of leptin receptor isoforms in the rat brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 395:535–47.

5 5. Baskin DG, Breininger JF, Schwartz MW. 1999. Leptin receptor mRNA identifies a subpopulation of neuropeptide Y neurons activated by fasting in rat hypothalamus. Diabetes 48:828–33.

6 6. Hakanssson ML, Meister B. 1998. Transcription factor STAT3 in leptin target neurons of the rat hypothalamus. Neuroendocrinology 68:420–27.

7 7. Bjorbaek C, Elmquist JK, Michl P, Ahima RS, van Bueren A, et al. 1998. Expression of leptin receptor isoforms in brain microvessels. Endocrinology 139:3485–91.

8 8. Banks WA, Kastin AJ, Huang W, Jaspan JP, Maness LM. 1996. Leptin enters the brain by a saturable system independent of insulin. Peptides 17:305–11.

9 9. Pardridge WM. 1986. Receptor-mediated peptide transport through the bloodbrain barrier. Endocrinol. Rev. 7:314–30.

10 10. Schwartz MW, Figlewicz DP, Baskin DG, Woods SC, Porte JD Jr. 1992. Insulin in the brain: a hormonal regulator of energy balance.Endocrinol. Rev.13:387–14.

11 11. Golden PL, Maccagnan TJ, Padridge WM. 1997. Human blood-brain barrier leptin receptor: binding and endocytosis in isolated human brain microvessels.J. Clin. Invest.99:14–18.

12 12. Schwartz MW, Peskind E, Raskind M, Boyko EJ, Porte D Jr, et al. 1996. Cerebrospinal fluid leptin concentrations: relationship to plasma levels and to adiposity in humans.Nat. Med.2:589–93.

13 13. Jensen MD, Moller N, Nair KS, Eisenberg P, Landt M, Klein S. 1999. Regional leptin kinetics in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 69:18–21.

14 14. Meyer C, Robson D, Rackovsky N, Nadkarni V, Gerich J, et al. 1997. Role of the kidney in human leptin metabolism. Am. J. Physiol. 273:E903–7.

15 15. Sharma K, Considine RV, Michael B, Dunn SR, Weisberg LS, et al. 1997. Plasma leptin is partly cleared by the kidney and elevated in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 51:1980–85.

16 16. Merabet E, Dagogo-Jack S, Coyne DW, Klein S, Santiago JV, et al. 1997. Increased plasma leptin concentration in end-stage renal disease. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:847–50.

17 17. Serradiel-Le Gal C, Raufaste D, Brossard G, Pouzat B, Marty E, et al. 1997. Characterization and localization of leptin receptors in the rat kidney. FEBS Lett. 404:185– RE-HEALTH JOURNAL 2.3-2020 16 91.

18 18. Uotani S, Bjorbaek C, Tornoe J, Flier JS. 1999. Functional properties of leptin receptor isoforms. Internalization and degradation of leptin and ligand-induced receptor downregulation. Diabetes 48:279–86.

19 19. Shimizu H, Kakizaki S, Tsuchiya T, Nagamine T, Takagi H, et al. 1998. An increase of circulating leptin in patients with liver cirrhosis. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 22:1234– 38.

20 20. McCullough AJ, Bugianesi E, Marchesini G, Kalhan SC. 1998. Genderdependent alterations in serum leptin in alcoholic cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 115:947–53.

21 21. Potter JJ, Womack L, Mezey E, Anania FA. 1998. Transdifferentiation of rat hepatic stellate cells results in leptin expression. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 244:178–82.

22 22. Halaas JL, Boozer C, Blair-West J, Fidahusein N, Denton DA, Friedman JM. 1998. Physiological response to longterm peripheral and central leptin infusion in lean and obese mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:8878–83.

23 23. Shimabukuro M, Koyama K, Chen G, Wang M-Y, Trieu F, et al. 1997. Direct antidiabetic effect of leptin through triglyceride depletion of tissues. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:4637– 41.

24 24. Quian H, Azani MJ, Compton MM, Hartzell D, Hausman GH, Baile CA. 1997. Brain administration of leptin causes deletion of adipocytes by apoptosis. Endocrinology 139:791–94.

25 25. Flier JS. 1998. Clinical review 94: What’s in a name? In search of leptin’s physiologic role. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:1407–13.

26 26. Spiegelman BM, Flier JS. 1996. Adipogenesis and obesity: rounding out the big picture.Cell87:377–89.

27 27. Schwartz MW, Dallman MF, Woods SC. 1995. Hypothalamic response to starvation: implications for the study of wasting disorders.Am. J. Physiol.269:R949–57.

28 28. Lord GM, Matarese G, Howard JK, Baker RJ, Bloom SR, et al. 1998. Leptin modulates the T-cell immune response and reverses starvation-induced immunosuppression. Nature 294:897–91.

29 29. Doring H, Schwarzer K, NuessleinHildesheim B, Schmidt I. 1998. Leptin selectively increases energy expenditure of food-restricted lean mice. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 22:83–88.

30 30. Cahill JG, Herrera MG, Morgan AP, Soeldner JS, Steinke J, et al. 1966. Hormone-fuel interrelationships during fasting. J. Clin. Invest. 45:1751–69.

31 31. Sims EA, Horton ES. 1968. Endocrine and metabolic adaptation to obesity and starvation. Am. J.Clin. Nutr. 21:1455–70.

32 32. Pirke K, Schweiger U, Strowitzki T, Tushl RJ, Laesck RG, et al. 1989. Dieting causes menstrual irregularities in normal weight young women through impairment of episodic luteinizing hormone secretion. Fertil. Steril. 51:263–68.

33 33. Ahima RS, Prabakaran D, Mantzoros C, Qu D, Lowell BB, et al. 1996. Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting. Nature 382:250–52.

34 34. Ahima RS, Prabakaran D, Flier JS. 1998. Postnatal leptin surge and regulation of circadian rhythm of leptin by feeding: implications for energy homeostasis and neuroendocrine function.J. Clin. Invest.101:1020–27.

35 35. Grinspoon S, Gulick T, Askari H, Landt M, Lee K, Anderson E, Ma Z, Vignati L, Bowsher R, Herzog D, Klibanski A. Serum leptin levels in women with anorexia nervosa. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1996 Nov;81(11):3861-3.

36 36. Amjad S, Baig M, Zahid N, Tariq S, Rehman R. Association between leptin, obesity, hormonal interplay and male infertility. Andrologia. 2019 Feb;51(1):e13147.

37 37. Farr OM, Gavrieli A, Mantzoros CS. Leptin applications in 2015: what have we learned about leptin and obesity? Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2015 Oct;22(5):353-9.

38 38. Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E. Leptin's Physiologic Role: Does the Emperor of Energy Balance Have No Clothes? Cell Metab. 2017 Jul 05;26(1):24-26.

39 39. Funcke JB, von Schnurbein J, Lennerz B, Lahr G, Debatin KM, Fischer-Posovszky P, Wabitsch M. Monogenic forms of childhood obesity due to mutations in the leptin gene. Mol Cell Pediatr. 2014 Dec;1(1):3.

40 40. Farooqi IS, O'Rahilly S. 20 years of leptin: human disorders of leptin action. J. Endocrinol. 2014 Oct;223(1):T63-70.

41 41. Peters T, Antel J, Föcker M, Esber S, Hinney A, Schéle E, Dickson SL, Albayrak Ö, Hebebrand J. The association of serum leptin levels with food addiction is moderated by weight status in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2018 Nov;26(6):618-628.

42 42. Paz-Filho G, Mastronardi CA, Licinio J. Leptin treatment: facts and expectations. Metab. Clin. Exp. 2015 Jan;64(1):146-56

43 43. Myers, M. G., Leibel, R. L., Seeley, R. J., & Schwartz, M. W. (2010). Obesity and leptin resistance: distinguishing cause from effect. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 21(11), 643–651.doi:10.1016/j.tem.2010.08.002.

44 44. Gong, Y., Ishida-Takahashi, R., Villanueva, E.C., Fingar, D.C., Munzberg, H. and Myers, M.G., Jr et al. (2007) The long form of the leptin receptor regulates STAT5 and ribosomal protein S6 via alternate mechanisms. J. Biol. Chem. 282, 31019–31027.

Kutilmoqda

№	Muallifning F.I.Sh.	Lavozimi	Tashkilot nomi
1	Ergasheva Z..	.	Андижанский Государственный медицинский институт
2	Nugmanov O..	.	Андижанский Государственный медицинский институт
3	Yuldasheva G..	.	Андижанский Государственный медицинский институт
4	ABDURAXIMOV A.X.	.	ASMI

№	Havola nomi
1	1. Ahima, R. S., & Flier, J. S. (2000). Leptin. Annual Review of Physiology, 62(1), 413–437. doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.62.1.413.
2	2. Schwartz M, Seeley RJ, Campfield LA, Burn P, Baskin DG. 1996. Identification of targets of leptin action in rat hypothalamus. J. Clin. Invest. 98:1101–6.
3	3. Mercer JG, Hoggard N, Williams LM, Lawrence CB, Hannah LT, et al. 1996. Localization of leptin mRNA and the long form splice variant (Ob-Rb) in mouse hypothalamus and adjacent brain regions by in situ hybridization. FEBS Lett. 387:113–16.
4	4. Elmquist JK, Bjorbaek C, Ahima RS, Flier JS. 1998b. Distributions of leptin receptor isoforms in the rat brain. J. Comp. Neurol. 395:535–47.
5	5. Baskin DG, Breininger JF, Schwartz MW. 1999. Leptin receptor mRNA identifies a subpopulation of neuropeptide Y neurons activated by fasting in rat hypothalamus. Diabetes 48:828–33.
6	6. Hakanssson ML, Meister B. 1998. Transcription factor STAT3 in leptin target neurons of the rat hypothalamus. Neuroendocrinology 68:420–27.
7	7. Bjorbaek C, Elmquist JK, Michl P, Ahima RS, van Bueren A, et al. 1998. Expression of leptin receptor isoforms in brain microvessels. Endocrinology 139:3485–91.
8	8. Banks WA, Kastin AJ, Huang W, Jaspan JP, Maness LM. 1996. Leptin enters the brain by a saturable system independent of insulin. Peptides 17:305–11.
9	9. Pardridge WM. 1986. Receptor-mediated peptide transport through the bloodbrain barrier. Endocrinol. Rev. 7:314–30.
10	10. Schwartz MW, Figlewicz DP, Baskin DG, Woods SC, Porte JD Jr. 1992. Insulin in the brain: a hormonal regulator of energy balance.Endocrinol. Rev.13:387–14.
11	11. Golden PL, Maccagnan TJ, Padridge WM. 1997. Human blood-brain barrier leptin receptor: binding and endocytosis in isolated human brain microvessels.J. Clin. Invest.99:14–18.
12	12. Schwartz MW, Peskind E, Raskind M, Boyko EJ, Porte D Jr, et al. 1996. Cerebrospinal fluid leptin concentrations: relationship to plasma levels and to adiposity in humans.Nat. Med.2:589–93.
13	13. Jensen MD, Moller N, Nair KS, Eisenberg P, Landt M, Klein S. 1999. Regional leptin kinetics in humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 69:18–21.
14	14. Meyer C, Robson D, Rackovsky N, Nadkarni V, Gerich J, et al. 1997. Role of the kidney in human leptin metabolism. Am. J. Physiol. 273:E903–7.
15	15. Sharma K, Considine RV, Michael B, Dunn SR, Weisberg LS, et al. 1997. Plasma leptin is partly cleared by the kidney and elevated in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 51:1980–85.
16	16. Merabet E, Dagogo-Jack S, Coyne DW, Klein S, Santiago JV, et al. 1997. Increased plasma leptin concentration in end-stage renal disease. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82:847–50.
17	17. Serradiel-Le Gal C, Raufaste D, Brossard G, Pouzat B, Marty E, et al. 1997. Characterization and localization of leptin receptors in the rat kidney. FEBS Lett. 404:185– RE-HEALTH JOURNAL 2.3-2020 16 91.
18	18. Uotani S, Bjorbaek C, Tornoe J, Flier JS. 1999. Functional properties of leptin receptor isoforms. Internalization and degradation of leptin and ligand-induced receptor downregulation. Diabetes 48:279–86.
19	19. Shimizu H, Kakizaki S, Tsuchiya T, Nagamine T, Takagi H, et al. 1998. An increase of circulating leptin in patients with liver cirrhosis. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 22:1234– 38.
20	20. McCullough AJ, Bugianesi E, Marchesini G, Kalhan SC. 1998. Genderdependent alterations in serum leptin in alcoholic cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 115:947–53.
21	21. Potter JJ, Womack L, Mezey E, Anania FA. 1998. Transdifferentiation of rat hepatic stellate cells results in leptin expression. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 244:178–82.
22	22. Halaas JL, Boozer C, Blair-West J, Fidahusein N, Denton DA, Friedman JM. 1998. Physiological response to longterm peripheral and central leptin infusion in lean and obese mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:8878–83.
23	23. Shimabukuro M, Koyama K, Chen G, Wang M-Y, Trieu F, et al. 1997. Direct antidiabetic effect of leptin through triglyceride depletion of tissues. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:4637– 41.
24	24. Quian H, Azani MJ, Compton MM, Hartzell D, Hausman GH, Baile CA. 1997. Brain administration of leptin causes deletion of adipocytes by apoptosis. Endocrinology 139:791–94.
25	25. Flier JS. 1998. Clinical review 94: What’s in a name? In search of leptin’s physiologic role. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83:1407–13.
26	26. Spiegelman BM, Flier JS. 1996. Adipogenesis and obesity: rounding out the big picture.Cell87:377–89.
27	27. Schwartz MW, Dallman MF, Woods SC. 1995. Hypothalamic response to starvation: implications for the study of wasting disorders.Am. J. Physiol.269:R949–57.
28	28. Lord GM, Matarese G, Howard JK, Baker RJ, Bloom SR, et al. 1998. Leptin modulates the T-cell immune response and reverses starvation-induced immunosuppression. Nature 294:897–91.
29	29. Doring H, Schwarzer K, NuessleinHildesheim B, Schmidt I. 1998. Leptin selectively increases energy expenditure of food-restricted lean mice. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 22:83–88.
30	30. Cahill JG, Herrera MG, Morgan AP, Soeldner JS, Steinke J, et al. 1966. Hormone-fuel interrelationships during fasting. J. Clin. Invest. 45:1751–69.
31	31. Sims EA, Horton ES. 1968. Endocrine and metabolic adaptation to obesity and starvation. Am. J.Clin. Nutr. 21:1455–70.
32	32. Pirke K, Schweiger U, Strowitzki T, Tushl RJ, Laesck RG, et al. 1989. Dieting causes menstrual irregularities in normal weight young women through impairment of episodic luteinizing hormone secretion. Fertil. Steril. 51:263–68.
33	33. Ahima RS, Prabakaran D, Mantzoros C, Qu D, Lowell BB, et al. 1996. Role of leptin in the neuroendocrine response to fasting. Nature 382:250–52.
34	34. Ahima RS, Prabakaran D, Flier JS. 1998. Postnatal leptin surge and regulation of circadian rhythm of leptin by feeding: implications for energy homeostasis and neuroendocrine function.J. Clin. Invest.101:1020–27.
35	35. Grinspoon S, Gulick T, Askari H, Landt M, Lee K, Anderson E, Ma Z, Vignati L, Bowsher R, Herzog D, Klibanski A. Serum leptin levels in women with anorexia nervosa. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1996 Nov;81(11):3861-3.
36	36. Amjad S, Baig M, Zahid N, Tariq S, Rehman R. Association between leptin, obesity, hormonal interplay and male infertility. Andrologia. 2019 Feb;51(1):e13147.
37	37. Farr OM, Gavrieli A, Mantzoros CS. Leptin applications in 2015: what have we learned about leptin and obesity? Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2015 Oct;22(5):353-9.
38	38. Flier JS, Maratos-Flier E. Leptin's Physiologic Role: Does the Emperor of Energy Balance Have No Clothes? Cell Metab. 2017 Jul 05;26(1):24-26.
39	39. Funcke JB, von Schnurbein J, Lennerz B, Lahr G, Debatin KM, Fischer-Posovszky P, Wabitsch M. Monogenic forms of childhood obesity due to mutations in the leptin gene. Mol Cell Pediatr. 2014 Dec;1(1):3.
40	40. Farooqi IS, O'Rahilly S. 20 years of leptin: human disorders of leptin action. J. Endocrinol. 2014 Oct;223(1):T63-70.
41	41. Peters T, Antel J, Föcker M, Esber S, Hinney A, Schéle E, Dickson SL, Albayrak Ö, Hebebrand J. The association of serum leptin levels with food addiction is moderated by weight status in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2018 Nov;26(6):618-628.
42	42. Paz-Filho G, Mastronardi CA, Licinio J. Leptin treatment: facts and expectations. Metab. Clin. Exp. 2015 Jan;64(1):146-56
43	43. Myers, M. G., Leibel, R. L., Seeley, R. J., & Schwartz, M. W. (2010). Obesity and leptin resistance: distinguishing cause from effect. Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 21(11), 643–651.doi:10.1016/j.tem.2010.08.002.
44	44. Gong, Y., Ishida-Takahashi, R., Villanueva, E.C., Fingar, D.C., Munzberg, H. and Myers, M.G., Jr et al. (2007) The long form of the leptin receptor regulates STAT5 and ribosomal protein S6 via alternate mechanisms. J. Biol. Chem. 282, 31019–31027.