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ЧИҚИНДИЛАР ВА ТАБИИЙ ХОМАШЁЛАРНИ ҚАЙТА ИШЛАБ, АТРОФ-МУҲИТГА ЗАРАРЛИ МОДДАЛАРДАН ТОЗАЛОВЧИ АДСОРБEНТЛАРГА АЙЛАНТИРИШ

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MAQOLA ANNOTATSIYASI

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Саноат чиқиндиларидан оқилона фойдаланиш ва саноат корхоналари фаолияти натижасида атроф-муҳитга зарар етказилишининг олдини олиш замонавий дунёда бир-бири билан чамбарчас боғлиқ ва долзарб масаладир. Ушбу тадқиқот Ўзбекистон Республикасининг нефть ва газни қайта ишлаш саноати ҳамда энергетика тармоғи чиқиндилари асосида кейинчалик экологик муаммоларни ҳал қилишда фойдаланиш учун маҳаллий минерал хомашёдан цеолит адсорбентлари олишга қаратилган. Потенциал хомашё термография, дифрактометрия ва сканерлаш электрон микроскопия ёрдамида ўрганилди: табиий газни тозалаш ва қуритиш жараёнида нофаол цеолитлар, учувчи кул намуналари – қўнғир кўмирни ёқиш орқали энергия ишлаб чиқаришнинг қўшимча маҳсулоти, ишлатилган алюминий оксид адсорбентини қайта ишлаш чиқиндилари ҳамда Ангрен бойитилган каолини. Кўмир чиқиндиларининг юқори иссиқлик барқарорлиги, кимёвий ва фазавий таркибини ҳисобга олган ҳолда, учувчи кулни цеолит тузилмаларига айлантириш фақат натрий гидроксид ва натрий карбонат аралашмаси билан дастлабки синтез орқали амалга оширилди. Ишқорий синтез натижасида олинган каолин асосидаги адсорбентлар таркибида цеолит бириктирувчисиз гранулаларда кристалланганидан кўра камроқ балласт кварц, лекин кўпроқ гидроксисодалит мавжуд эди. Кўп фазали адсорбентлар, жумладан, NaA ва NaX каби метастабил цеолитлар, шунингдек, барқарор NaP ва гидроксисодалит цеолитларнинг ҳосил бўлиши тажрибада исботланган. Газ фазасидан заҳарли органик ва ноорганик учувчи бирикмаларнинг адсорбцияси натижалари келтирилган. Ион алмашиниш хоссалари CaCl2 , кристалли бинафша ва бриллиант яшилининг намунавий эритмаларидан Cа2+ катионлари ва типик катионли бўёқлар олиш мисолида ўрганилди.

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# синтез# synthesis# адсорбция# каолин# kaolin# adsorption# кул# цеолитлар# цеолиты# zeolites# сувни тозалаш# летучая зола# очистка воды# fly ash# water purification

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