POLITERMA SOLUBILITY SYSTEMS NaClO3·CO(NH2)2-C10H12CaN2Na2O8-H2O

Background. As the world's population continues to grow, demand for land, water and agricultural products is increasing year by year. Increased productivity of existing arable land and soil composition obtained from local raw materials environmental pollution and research is required on the synthesis of drugs that do not have a harmful effect on human health. Short-term cotton harvesting in the republic's agriculture requires the creation of low-toxic defoliants with high-quality and comprehensive action. Purpose. The aim of the study is the physico-chemical substantiation of the process of obtaining a complex cotton defoliant based on sodium monocarbamide chlorate and a complex macro element salt. Methodology. For the physico-chemical substantiation of the process of obtaining a complex acting cotton defoliant, data were first obtained on the solubility and rheological properties of solutions in systems including sodium monocarbamidochlorate and a complex macrocell salt. The complex macrocell salt and sodium chlorate monocarbamide were initially synthesized, and their content was determined by chemical analysis. The synthesis was carried out using an electric thermostatic water bath DK-98-II A, a magnetic stirrer MM-2 A with heating, a rotary evaporator RE100-pro (DLab) and a desiccator SS-80-01 nt SPU 2001 (+200 0С). The work used visual-polythermal and pycnometric methods. The viscosity of the solutions was measured using a VPZh viscometer. The pH of the solutions was determined on a pH meter FE 20 METTLER TOLEDO and light refractive index using a PAL-BX / RI refractometer. Originality. The physicochemical basis for the interaction of components in the system with the participation of water, sodium monocarbamidochlorate and calcium disodium salt of ethylene diamine tetraacetate was created, its polythermal solubility diagrams were constructed. To justify the process of obtaining a complex acting defoliant containing physiologically active substances, the “compositionproperties” of the system [60%NaClO3·CO(NH2)2+40%H2O]- C10H12CaN2Na2O8were studied. Findings. Based on the solubility polytherms of binary systems and internal sections, a polythermal solubility diagram of the NaClO3·CO(NH2)2 - C10H12CaN2Na2O8 - H2Osystem was constructed in the temperature range from -35.2 to 60 °C. In the polythermal solubility diagram, the fields of ice crystallization are distinguished: CO(NH2)2, NaClO3·CO(NH2)2, C10H12CaN2Na2O8·2H2O и C10H12CaN2Na2O8. The crystallization temperatures, viscosity, density, pH of the medium, and the refractive index of light and solutions of the system [60%NaClO3·CO(NH2)2+40%H2O]-C10H12CaN2Na2O8depending on the ratio of the components were determined. Highlights: - areas of crystallization of components in the system are identified; - new data were obtained on the freezing temperatures from -35.2 to 60°C - a polytherm solubility diagram was constructed.