DEVELOPMENT OF A METHOD FOR USING THE HEAT OF STEAM EXHAUSTS IN THERMAL POWER PLANTS

Abstract. Introduction. Increasing the efficiency of thermal power plants (TPPs) using the existing potential, including increasing the heat utilization coefficient of the plant, is one of the urgent issues. The nominal operation of the steam turbine and steam generator in a given period is ensured by constantly passing a minimum amount of steam through the high-speed pressure reducing and cooling unit (HPRCU). This does not cause harm when there is a technological steam consumer from the thermal power plant, but the property of these devices to reduce the values of temperature and pressure indicators resulting from the consumption of organic fuels causes heat losses during the operation of power plants. Methods and materials. The main task of thermal power plants is to provide consumers with thermal energy, generate electricity as additional or secondary energy and deliver it to consumers. In this case, the HPRCU is installed to provide consumers with continuous and stable thermal energy, and in case of malfunctions in the turbogenerators, the HPRCU is quickly launched to prevent emergency situations. During the research, the possibility of effective use of heat generated by the operation of the RCU and HPRCU was assessed. The possibility of obtaining a number of technologically important secondary products using this heat was substantiated, and principle heat schemes were developed. Results. 30% of the main steam flow directed to the HPRCU was used for the thermal processing (pyrolysis) of plant or polyethylene waste and several types of secondary products were obtained. Next, the latent heat of steam formation in the condenser during the cooling and cooling process of the steam generated in the pyrolysis unit is converted into heat for supplying chemically purified water at a temperature of 45-50 °C to the cycle supply deaerator. As a result of the process, the temperature of the additional water in the cycle increases by approximately 8-10 °C and reaches 54-55 °C. In this case, the deaeration process occurs faster than usual. Conclusion. 10 kg of polyethylene waste is loaded into the reactor of the pyrolysis unit (V=0,382 m3) at a time, and at the end of the process, 11 liters of liquid, 0.3 m3 of saturated hydrocarbon gaseous substance and about 0.3 kg of ash are formed. When analyzing the composition of the liquid obtained as a result of processing polyethylene waste, it was found that 88% corresponded to the brand of RDV brand paint and varnish solvent liquids.