
- Prevention of Plagiarism: The misappropriation of other people's ideas, data, or results without proper citation is strictly prohibited.
- Data Integrity: Research results must not be fabricated or falsified (deliberate misinterpretation of data).
- Originality of Content: The manuscript must not have been previously published and should not be under consideration by multiple journals simultaneously.
- Authorship Criteria: Only individuals who have made a significant contribution to the research should be listed as authors ("guest or ghost authorship" is not permitted).
- Impartiality: Manuscripts shall be evaluated solely based on their scientific merit, regardless of the authors' gender, race, religion, or political affiliations.
- Confidentiality: The editorial board must not disclose information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than those involved in the publishing process.
- Conflict of Interest: Editors must recuse themselves from considering manuscripts in which they have a personal or professional conflict of interest with the authors.
- Confidentiality: Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Reviewers must not use the ideas contained in the work for personal gain.
- Objectivity: Reviews should be conducted objectively; personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Opinions should be clearly formulated with supporting arguments.
- Timeliness: If a reviewer feels unqualified to review the research or cannot meet the deadline, they should promptly notify the editorial office.
- If plagiarism or errors are detected, the following actions will be taken:
- Rejection: If violations are identified during the review process, the manuscript will be rejected.
- Retraction: If significant errors or plagiarism are discovered after publication, the article will be formally retracted (annulled).
- Correction: For minor errors, a "Correction" or "Errata" notice will be published in the journal.