TURKFRONTNING MILLIY TILLARDAGI HARBIY NASHRLARI OZODLIK UCHUN KURASHGA QARSHI MAFKURAVIY TARG‘IBOT VOSITASI SIFATIDA

Mazkur tadqiqotda sho‘ro tuzumi Turkistonda harbiy nashrlar, xususan, mahalliy tillarda gazeta va jurnallar chop etishga katta eʼtibor qaratgani bilan bog‘liq muammoga to‘xtalib o‘tildi. Bunday nashrlarning tipologiyasiga oid masala markaziy gazetalar, front gazetalari, milliy (baynalmilal) gazetalar misolida ochib beriladi. Turkkomissiya, Revvoyensovet fronti aʼzolari, mahalliy rahbar xodimlar hamkorlikda milliy harbiy matbuotni yaratish va g‘oyaviy-tashkiliy jihatdan mustahkamlash, baynalmilal askarlar uchun nashrlar chiqarishga kirishgani bilan bog‘liq muhim jarayonga fundamental ishlar orqali oydinlik kiritildi. Xususan, qizil armiyadagi turli millat vakillari tilida nashrlarni ko‘paytirishga sovet hukumatini nega katta kuch va vositalarni tashlagani tahlilga tortildi. Mahalliy tilda, baynalmilal xalqlar tilida harbiy nashrlar chop etish orqali sho‘rolar Turkistonda avj olgan ozodlik, erk uchun kurashni bostirishda harbiy asirlarni, yerli xalq vakillarini qizil armiya safiga ko‘proq kiritish, ularni chirkin siyosati haq ekanligiga ishontirish yo‘lidan borgani maqolada isbotlandi. Muallif tilga olinayotgan davrda chop etilgan harbiy nashrlarning asl maqsad va vazifalari haqida quyidagi xulosalarga keldi: Turkiston xalqlarining milliy ozodligi uchun kurashini “bosmachilik” harakati sifatida buzib ko‘rsatish; tarixiy haqiqatni soxtalashtirish; soxta sovet mafkurasi yordamida qizil armiya saflarini mahalliy aholi, harbiy asirlar hisobiga butlash; ijtimoiy fikrda qizil armiyaga nisbatan ijobiy fikrlarni hosil qilish; sho‘ro dushmanlariga qarshi ayovsiz kurash ruhini singdirish; mafkuraviy targ‘ibotni kuchaytirish.

Исследование в статье будет сосредоточено на проблеме, связанной с тем, что режим Советов уделял большое внимание публикации военных изданий в Туркестане, в частности газет и журналов на местных языках. Вопрос типологии таких изданий раскрывается на примере центральных газет, фронтовых газет, национальных (интернациональных) газет. Значимый процесс, связанный с созданием и идейно-организационным укреплением национальной военной прессы, публикаций изданий для солдат разных национальностей, был связан с фундаментальными работами членов Туркомиссии, Реввоенсовета фронта, местного руководящего персонала. В частности, подлежит анализу, почему советское правительство бросало огромные силы и средства на увеличение числа публикаций на языке представителей разных национальностей в Красной Армии. Печатая военные издания на родном языке, на языках разных народов, Советы шли по пути подавления разгоревшейся в Туркестане борьбы за свободу, более активного включения в ряды Красной Армии представителей коренного народа, убеждения их в правоте уродливой политики. Автор делает следующие выводы об истинных целях и задачах военных изданий, печавшихся в эпоху, о которой идет речь: искажение борьбы народов Туркестана за национальное освобождение как движения “басмачества”; фальсификация исторической правды; комплектование рядов Красной Армии за счет местного населения и военнопленных с помощью ложной советской идеологии; формирование в общественном мнении положительного отношения к Красной Армии; привитие духа беспощадной борьбы с врагами Советов; усиление идеологической пропаганды.

Our history related to the struggle of the Turkestan people for national liberation was distorted and falsified during the Soviet era. Public opinion has been distorted, distorted by false ideas, especially as a result of misinterpretation through the media. The essence, purpose, and historical significance of the brave struggle of our ancestors against the Soviet government in period 1918-1924 was distorted. The ideologists of the despotic regime have been tried to falsify the historical truth, effectively using the power of the press in this. The press has become an important tool in breaking the resistance of the people to the Soviet government in Turkestan. This study will focus on the problem related to the fact that the Soviet regime pays great attention to the publication of military publications in Turkestan, in particular newspapers and magazines in local languages. The question of the typology of such publications is revealed by the example of central newspapers, frontline newspapers, national (international) newspapers. The collaboration of Turkcomission, members of the Revolutionary Military Council of the front, and local leadership personnel are clarified through fundamental work in the process of creating and ideologically and organizationally strengthening the national military press in cooperation, as well as publication materials for internationalist soldiers. In particular, it is subject to analysis why the Soviet government devoted huge resources and efforts to increasing the number of publications in the language of representatives of different nationalities in the Red Army. By printing military publications in their native language, in the languages of international peoples, the Soviets followed the path of suppressing the struggle for freedom that broke out in Turkestan, volunteers, and more actively involved representatives of the indigenous people in the ranks of the Red Army, convincing them of the rightness of the “ugly” policy. The author draws the following conclusions: the true goals and tasks of military publications published during the period under discussion: distorting the struggle of the Turkestan peoples for national liberation as the “Basmachestvo” movement; falsification of historical truth; recruitment of the ranks of the Red Army from local residents and prisoners of war through false Soviet ideology; fostering positive attitudes towards the Red Army in public opinion; instilling a spirit of relentless struggle against Soviet enemies; strengthening ideological propaganda.