The origin of the first takfiri sects and their negative consequences

This article analyzes the emergence of the first takfiri sects and their negative consequences. The Kharijites, the first takfiris, appeared in society during the caliphate of Ali ibn Abi Talib (r.a.) and caused division among Muslims. Their main characteristic is to declare others as disbelievers (kufr) and to consider their blood permissible (halal). The hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (p.b.u.h.) contain warnings about the Kharijites, describing their characteristics and repressive religious thought. The article provides a detailed account of the religious activities of the Kharijites, a critical commentary on their policy of takfir, and the threats and problems they posed to Islamic society. Furthermore, the article highlights the historical significance of the Kharijites, their extremism (ghuluw) in the matter of takfir, and the position held against them by the faqihs, qadis, and ulema among Muslims.