History of the Balagha Science Development

This article provides a systematic analysis of the formation and historical development of the science of Balаgha (Arabic rhetoric) within the field of Arabic linguistics. It explores the stages of its evolution from the pre-Islamic era to its refinement under the influence of the Qur’anic language and style. Based on the works of scholars such as al-Jаhiz, Ibn al-Mu’tazz, Qudoma ibn Ja’far, Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani, az-Zamakhshari, and as-Sakkaki, the study examines the theoretical foundations of the three branches of Balagha - Ma’ani, Bayan and Badi’, their core meanings, and interrelations. The research highlights the role of Balagha in the culture of Arabic speech, its methodological proximity to rhetoric and stylistics, and the impact of Qur’anic artistic expression on its development. The findings underscore Balagha as a discipline positioned at the intersection of linguistics and literary studies.