134

Ushbu maqolada avtomobil tormozlanishi jarayonida tormoz ustquymalari yeyilishi natijasida atrof-muhitga chiqadigan zarralar miqdorini gʻildirakning yoʻl bilan ilashish koeffitsiyentini hisobga olgan holda aniqlash usullari keltirilgan. Avtomobillar tormoz ustquymalarining resurs davri gʻildirakning yoʻl bilan ilashish koeffitsiyentiga bogʻliq oʻzgarishi inobatga olinib, ularning atmosferaga chiqaradigan zarralari miqdori nazariy jihatdan hisoblangan. Shuningdek, avtomobillar tormozlanish jarayonida tormoz ustquymalari yeyilishidan hosil boʻladigan zarralar tarkibida metallar konsentratsiyasi tarqalishi tahlili keng yoritilgan. Shaharlarda zarralarning muhim hissasi yoʻl harakati bilan bogʻliq manbalar hisoblanadi. Avtomobil tormozlanishi jarayonida olingan namunalar tarkibida temir, mis, rux, xrom, qalay va surma kabi metall elementlar yuqori miqdorda mavjud ekanligi aniqlangan. Hozirgi kunda avtomobillar tormozlanish jarayonida hosil boʻladigan zarralarning ekologiyaga salbiy ta’siri toʻgʻrisida ma’lumotlar berilgan. Maqolada tormoz ustquymalarining yoʻl ilashish koeffitsiyentiga bogʻliq holatda yeyilish jadalligi nazariy va eksperiment natijalarining solishtirma tahlili keltirilgan. Avtomobil tormoz ustquymalarining yoʻlning ilashish koeffitsiyentiga bogʻliq holatda oʻrtacha yeyilish jadalligi nazariy hisob natijalarining eksperiment natijalari bilan solishtirma tahliliga koʻra, yeyilish jadalligi ilashish koeffitsiyentiga bogʻliq holatda oʻzgarishi aniqlangan.

  • Internet havola
  • DOI
  • UzSCI tizimida yaratilgan sana 04-01-2024
  • O'qishlar soni 0
  • Nashr sanasi 20-12-2023
  • Asosiy tilO'zbek
  • Sahifalar101-114
Ўзбек

Ushbu maqolada avtomobil tormozlanishi jarayonida tormoz ustquymalari yeyilishi natijasida atrof-muhitga chiqadigan zarralar miqdorini gʻildirakning yoʻl bilan ilashish koeffitsiyentini hisobga olgan holda aniqlash usullari keltirilgan. Avtomobillar tormoz ustquymalarining resurs davri gʻildirakning yoʻl bilan ilashish koeffitsiyentiga bogʻliq oʻzgarishi inobatga olinib, ularning atmosferaga chiqaradigan zarralari miqdori nazariy jihatdan hisoblangan. Shuningdek, avtomobillar tormozlanish jarayonida tormoz ustquymalari yeyilishidan hosil boʻladigan zarralar tarkibida metallar konsentratsiyasi tarqalishi tahlili keng yoritilgan. Shaharlarda zarralarning muhim hissasi yoʻl harakati bilan bogʻliq manbalar hisoblanadi. Avtomobil tormozlanishi jarayonida olingan namunalar tarkibida temir, mis, rux, xrom, qalay va surma kabi metall elementlar yuqori miqdorda mavjud ekanligi aniqlangan. Hozirgi kunda avtomobillar tormozlanish jarayonida hosil boʻladigan zarralarning ekologiyaga salbiy ta’siri toʻgʻrisida ma’lumotlar berilgan. Maqolada tormoz ustquymalarining yoʻl ilashish koeffitsiyentiga bogʻliq holatda yeyilish jadalligi nazariy va eksperiment natijalarining solishtirma tahlili keltirilgan. Avtomobil tormoz ustquymalarining yoʻlning ilashish koeffitsiyentiga bogʻliq holatda oʻrtacha yeyilish jadalligi nazariy hisob natijalarining eksperiment natijalari bilan solishtirma tahliliga koʻra, yeyilish jadalligi ilashish koeffitsiyentiga bogʻliq holatda oʻzgarishi aniqlangan.

Русский

В данной статье представлены методы определения количества частиц, выбрасываемых в окружающую среду в результате износа тормозных колодок при торможении автомобиля с учётом коэффициента трения колеса с дорогой. Учитывая изменения срока ресурса тормозных колодок автомобиля в зависимости от коэффициента контакта колёс с дорогой, теоретически рассчитано количество частиц, выбрасываемых ими в атмосферу. Также широко освещён анализ распределения концентрации металлов в частицах, образующихся при износе тормозных колодок при торможении автомобилей. Источники, связанные с дорожным движением, вносят значительный вклад в образование твёрдых частиц в воздухе городов. Установлено, что пробы, взятые в процессе торможения автомобиля, содержат большое количество металлических элементов, таких как железо, медь, цинк, хром, олово и сурьма. В настоящее время имеются сведения о негативном влиянии частиц, образующихся при торможении автомобилей, на окружающую среду. В статье представлен сравнительный анализ теоретических и экспериментальных результатов скорости износа тормозных колодок в зависимости от коэффициента хода. По результатам сравнительного анализа результатов теоретического расчёта средней скорости износа тормозных колодок автомобиля в зависимости от коэффициента сцепления с дорогой установлено, что скорость износа изменяется в зависимости от коэффициента сцепления.

English

This paper presents methods of determining the amount of particles emitted into the environment as a result of brake pad wear during car braking, taking into account the coefficient of friction of the wheel with the road. The amount of particles emitted by brake pads into the atmosphere is theoretically calculated, taking into account the change in the service life of the brake pads of a car depending on the contact coefficient of the wheels with the road. The analysis of metal concentration distribution in particles produced by brake pad wear during car braking is also extensively covered. Road traffic-related sources contribute significantly to the formation of particulate matter in urban air. Samples taken during vehicle braking have been found to contain large amounts of metallic elements such as iron, copper, zinc, chromium, tin, and antimony. At present, there is evidence of the negative impact of particles generated during automobile braking on the environment. The paper presents a comparative analysis of theoretical and experimental results of brake pad wear rate depending on the stroke coefficient. According to the results of the comparative analysis of the results of the theoretical calculation of the average wear rate of car brake pads depending on the coefficient of grip, it is established that the wear rate varies depending on the coefficient of grip.

Muallifning F.I.Sh. Lavozimi Tashkilot nomi
1 Shermuxamedov A.A. texnika fanlari doktori, professor Toshkent davlat transport universiteti
2 Karimova K.G. texnika fanlari boʻyicha falsafa doktori (PhD) Jizzax Politexnika instituti
Havola nomi
1 Air quality in the world. Air quality index (AQI) and PM2.5 air pollution in the world. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.iqair.com/world-air-quality
2 Bukowiecki, N., Gehrig, R., Lienemann, P., Hill, M., Figi, R., Buchmann, B., & Baltensperger, U. (2009a). PM10 emission factors of abrasion particles from road traffic (APART). Swiss Association of Road and Transportation Experts (VSS).
3 Chevrolet Spark III LS 1.0 AT – technical characteristics. (2009-2016). Retrieved from https:// chevrolet.drive.place/lang/uz/spark/iii/group_hatchback_5d/52725
4 Dorokhin, S., Skvortsova, T., Logachev, V., & Gubarev, V. (2014). Analiz tyagovykh i tormoznykh svoystv avtomobiley [Analysis of traction and braking properties of cars]. Modern Problems of Science and Education(3). Retrieved June 12, 2023, from https://science-education.ru/ru/article/ view?id=13002
5 Garg, B., Cadle, S., Mulawa, P., & Groblicki, P. (2000). Brake wear particulate matter emissions. Environmental Science and Technology, 34, 4463-4469.
6 Gietl, J., Lawrence, R., Thorpe, A., & Harrison, R. (2010). Identification of brake wear particles and derivation of a quantitative tracer for brake dust at a major road. Atmospheric Environment, 44, 141−146.
7 GOST 41.13-99. (n.d.). Uniform rules for approval of m, n and o categories of motor vehicles on braking. State standard of the Russian Federation.
8 Highways. (2008). Urban planning norms and rules 3.06.03-08, 274. Tashkent: Gosarchitectstroy of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
9 Ismayilov, K., & Karimova, K. (2020). Application of used automobile tires granules for road construction in Uzbekistan. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(12), 946-948.
10 Ismayilov, K., Alimova, Z., Asqarov, I., & & Karimova, K. (2023, June). The research on road dust and particles caused by traffic (on the example Jizzakh city). AIP Conference Proceedings, 2789(1).
11 Ismayilov, K., Karimova, K., Azimov, A., & Raxmatov, U. (2023, March). Comparative analysis of noise levels available on simple and rubber granule asphalt-concrete coating roads. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1142(1), 012038.
12 Karimova, K., Ismayilov, K., Shermukhamedov, A., Alimova, Z., Rakhmatov, U., & Kim, K. (2023, August). Methods of determining the amount of harmful particles released into the environment as a result of car tire wear. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1231(1), 012028.
13 Kubaymurat, I., & Gulomovna, K. (2019). The impact of automobile tires on the environment from the period of raw materials to the disposal of them. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8(3), 1929-1931.
14 Kuznetsov, Y. (2022). Grip qualities of car tires and road surfaces. Moscow: Moscow Automobile and Road Institute.
15 NAEI. (2012). Road transport emission factors from 2010 NAEI.
16 Riediker, M., Gasser, M., Perrenoud, A., Gehr, P., & Rothen-Rutishauser, B. (2008). A system to test the toxicity of brake wear particles. Proceedings of the 12th International ETH-Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles. Zurich, Switzerland.
17 Rowbotham, I. (2021, October 11). Car brakes and tyre dust: a hidden source of pollution. Retrieved from https://www.the-kingfisher.org/people/human_health/car_brakes.html
18 Rules for diagnostics and assessment of the condition of highways (Instead of VSN 6-90). (2002). Moscow, Russian Federation: Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, State Road Service of Russia (Rosavtodor). Retrieved from https://files.stroyinf.ru/Data1/10/10874/index.htm
19 Vasiliev, A. (2019). Improving the quality of assessment of the comprehensive environmental safety of vehicles. PhD thesis, Moscow.
20 Vehicle braking distance: Everything you need to know. (2022, May 26). Retrieved from https:// uz.avtotachki.com/tormoznoj-put-avtomobilya-vse-chto-nuzhno-znat/?glang=uz&gurl=tormoznojput-avtomobilya-vse-chto-nuzhno-znat
Kutilmoqda